In this episode, I speak with Dr. Daniel Ansari, Professor and Canada Research Chair in Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning at Western University in Ontario. Dr. Ansari leads the Numerical Cognition Lab, where he studies how children learn numerical and mathematical skills and why some experience difficulties such as dyscalculia. We discuss how the brain represents numbers, what distinguishes typical from atypical math development, common challenges associated with dyscalculia, evidence-based interventions, comorbidity with dyslexia and ADHD, and how neuroscience can help identify and support struggling learners. Dr. Ansari also shares insights on misconceptions about math learning and the role of education in shaping learning.