This episode provides a foundational understanding of data representation within computers, focusing primarily on binary numbers. It begins by defining various units of digital storage, from bits to petabytes, and explains why data must be converted into a binary format for computer processing. The material then details the conversion between denary (base 10) and 8-bit binary numbers, illustrating how these binary sequences represent values and how larger integers are handled with more bits. Through examples of electrical circuits, it visually connects the abstract concept of binary 0s and 1s to the physical "on" and "off" states of switches within a computer.