Women have always worked. But when women entered the U.S. labor force in large numbers during the 1970s, equal pay did not follow.

In this episode of What Does It Profit?, Dr. Dawn Carpenter explores the history of women's labor rights—from the rise of the Nine to Five movement to the equal pay fight led by Lilly Ledbetter. Through organizing, unions, and the law, women challenged workplaces that relied on their labor while undervaluing their work.

Featuring labor historian Lane Windham and the cultural legacy behind 9 to 5, this episode examines why wage gaps persist, why voice still matters, and what economic justice requires when essential work goes unpaid—or underpaid.

Because the laws exist. The gaps remain. And when women do essential work without equal pay, the question endures: What does it profit?