The leaves are changing throughout Upstate New York and Northeastern Pennsylvania, and parts of the Catskills and Adirondacks are at the midpoint of fall foliage. But why do leaves change colors this time of year? 

Joe Johnson is our resident science guy and he’s here with the science of fall colors and other science stories that caught his eye, including archaeologists have discovered arrowheads that reveal the presence of a mysterious army in Europe’s oldest battle and fast radio bursts reaching the earth after 8 billion years.