This episode dive deep on an Anthropic report and a related research paper, detail a joint study on the vulnerability of large language models (LLMs) to data poisoning attacks. The research surprisingly demonstrates that injecting a near-constant, small number of malicious documents—as few as 250—is sufficient to successfully introduce a backdoor vulnerability, regardless of the LLM's size (up to 13 billion parameters) or the total volume of its clean training data.