Explains how various animals use startle and warning coloration as defense mechanisms against predators. It describes how sudden displays of bright colors, bold patterns, or threatening shapes can confuse or intimidate attackers, giving the prey time to escape. Examples include the red-eyed tree frog, which flashes its vivid eyes to startle predators, caterpillars that mimic snakes, and moths and butterflies with large, eye-like markings on their wings. Other species, like the frilled neck lizard and pufferfish, rely on dramatic physical displays—expanding their frills or bodies—to appear larger and more dangerous than they are.
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