About 16,000 Jews who managed to escape from the Third Reich just before the war landed in Shanghai, the only place in the world which did not require a visa for entry. Their survival there depended on the attitudes of the Japanese, who controlled the city after December 1941. But the quality of their daily lives depended on their relationships with their Chinese neighbors. Instead of seeing the refugees as a despised race, as did antisemitic Europeans, or as another group of white colonial oppressors, the Chinese population of Shanghai saw Jews as fellow victims of persecution. Jews and Chinese in Shanghai developed friendly if somewhat distant relations. But after the war's end, many Chinese wished all whites to leave, and relations became tense. This lecture traces the shifting relationships between Jews and Chinese, as described by former refugees.