In this episode Holly Wayment interviews Dr. Ian Mitchell about common chest wall differences in children — pectus excavatum (sunken chest) and pectus carinatum (pigeon chest). They cover causes, family patterns, and when to seek care.

Dr. Mitchell explains non-surgical options like bracing and the vacuum bell, surgical repair with the Nuss procedure, typical recovery, activity limits, and the importance of listening to the child’s emotional needs.

Practical advice for parents on evaluation, timing of treatment, and how repairs can improve both physical function and self-confidence.