The Biology Brief

The Biology Brief

By OleoliveScience
Download on the App Store

The Biology Brief episodes

  • SHOCKING Truth About Thalidomide's Dark Past and Remarkable Comeback! The Bio Brief episode 12

    Delve into the historical impact of Thalidomide in Episode 12 of "The Biology Brief" with insightful anecdotes from Dr. Jim Cardelli and Kiley Grant. From its origins in mid-1950s Germany to the devastating consequences leading to its ban in 1961, explore the intended uses and the profound fallout that reshaped the FDA's drug approval regulations. Learn about Francis Kelsey's heroic stance at the FDA, preventing Thalidomide approval in the US and avoiding potential tragedies. Uncover the overlooked clinical trials in the US, the disastrous outcomes, and the profound effects on the FDA's oversight. Understand how this repurposed drug evolved from a notorious history to becoming a crucial player in cancer treatment, showcasing the resilience and self-correcting nature of scientific advancements.
    Our company: https://www.oleo.live/
    Buy Oligen here: https://oleocanthal.co/
    1:17 Jim remembers the impact of thalidomide in 1960.. He is really old.
    2:04 Beginnings of Thalidomide in Germany mid 1950's.
    3:00 Banned in 1961. Children born with deformities
    3:53 Intended uses of Thalidomide
    5:51 The fallout from this disaster changed how the FDA regulates drug approvals.
    6:10 Francis Kelsey A hero in the FDA Stopped approval of Thalidomide being approved in the US
    9:15 The FDA turned a blind eye to clinical trials using Thalidomide in the US which caused deaths and birth defects
    10:47 What does Thalidomide do?
    16:07 Dr. Kelsey the hero of the FDA as regards Thalidomide and more
    20:10 The rebirth of Thalidomide as a drug for other indications. Starting with Leprosy 1965
    23:43 Additional indications for Thalidomide including cancers, angiogenesis
    26:00 Thalidomide derivatives
    30:56 Thalidomide, a repurposed drug
    35:00 How does Thalidomide do what it does? AND that thalidomide opened up a whole new area of cancer therapeutics
    40:32 Thalidomide from Zero to Hero. Science as a self-correcting process

    47 min
  • You Might Be Eating Too Much Protein - The Biology Brief Ep 11

    Learn the intricate world of cardiovascular health in Episode 11 of "The Biology Brief" with hosts Kiley Grant and Dr. Jim Cardelli. Explore the role of mTOR in cardiovascular disease and the fascinating link between protein consumption and mTOR activation.

    Our company: https://www.oleo.live/
    Buy Oligen here: https://oleocanthal.co/
    2:33 Overview of cardiovascular disease and role of mTOR in this process
    5:50 High levels of consumed protein can activate mTOR
    6:34 How much is too much protein?
    9:45 The amino acid leucine is the key compound that induces mTOR and is found in high levels in meat and milk products
    11:10 Some limitations of the paper
    12:05 What is atherosclerosis (AS)?
    13:12 Macrophage foam cells, AS and mTOR
    16:21 Leucine activates mTOR after high protein meals
    18:00 How do we begin to find the right balance of protein intake?
    20:38 Vegetable proteins have lower leucine levels but also low essential amino acids.
    21:42 Balanced diets are probably bet than the many fad diets out there.
    22:15 mTOR activation leads to buildup of non functional organelles that build up and inhibit cell function.
    23:01 Discussion of figure in paper
    27:00 What is clear is that consumption of too much protein is detrimental to overall health
    30:00 Wrap up

    34 min
  • The Rise and Fall of Vitamin D - The Biology Brief ep 10

    Expand your knowledge about the intricacies of Vitamin D in Episode 10 of "The Biology Brief." Join hosts Kiley Grant and Dr. Jim Cardelli as they explore Vitamin D production in the body, assess its dietary implications, and question national deficiency. Understand how our body manages Vitamin D, its 2020 surge in popularity, and the potential anti-inflammatory benefits. Reflect on the self-correcting nature of science, the risks of overdosing, and the crucial role of dosage in determining toxicity.

    Our company: https://www.oleo.live/
    Buy Oligen here: https://oleocanthal.co/
    0:00 Introduction to Vitamin D
    1:16 Observational studies and how they increased interest in Vitamin D
    5:18 How is Vitamin D made in your body and should you add Vitamin D to your diet
    8:11 Are we as a nation Vitamin D deficient?
    14:00 How is Vitamin D produced to supplement milk?
    14:47 Who came up with the name vitamin?
    15:45 Scientific article cited Jan 2024
    16:37 Clinical trials concluded vitamin D supplementation does not help most diseases
    19:20 How does our body manage vitamin D
    21:23 Why did vitamin D appeal to the public and scientists so much in 2020
    22:56 Overdosing is a reality
    27:05 Vitamin D in beer?
    28:46 why was 2020 the peak of vitamin prowess?
    30:51 The power of science as a self correcting process
    32:23 Vitamin as an antiinflammatory and immune beneficial compound
    36:47 It is ALL about the dose in stating what is toxic
    37:46 wrap up

    42 min
  • Navigating Senescence: The Biology Brief ep 9

    Delve into the complexities of aging in the latest episode of "The Biology Brief," where hosts Kiley Grant and Dr. Jim Cardelli, the CEO and CTO of Oleolive, unravel the significance of senescence and explore the hallmarks of aging. In this thought-provoking discussion, we examine the dual nature of senescent cells, their positive roles in wound healing and potential positive role in cancer. Join us as we navigate the intriguing connections between senescent cells, exercise, and revolutionary CAR T therapy. Learn about UPAR as the target of CAR T cells, its associated costs, and the challenges in measuring the senescence burden in the body. Beyond UPAR, we explore other senescence markers, emphasizing the importance of targeting specificity in therapies. We'll also break down a relevant paper in this comprehensive exploration. Get a glimpse into the future with discussions on senolytic drugs and a preventive medicine approach.


    Our company: https://www.oleo.live/


    Buy Oligen here: https://oleocanthal.co/


    Article we read: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37841853/


    0:40 What is senescence and why should we care?

    1:12 What are the Hallmarks of aging?

    2:07 Outline for Podcast and introduction of senescence cells.

    3:40 Senescence cells can be positive and negative.

    6:20 Senescence cells and cancer - positive role

    9:20 Senescent cells and wound healing - positive role

    12:30 Senescent cells - Breaking Bad

    14:38 Senescent cells in the top 5 of the Hallmarks of aging

    16:19 Senescent cells found throughout the body

    18:46 Introduction to Paper to be discussed

    20:45 Senescent cells and exercise

    21:45 CAR T Therapy

    23:30 UPAR found on senescent cells and the target of the CAR T cells

    27:42 CAR T and cost

    29:34 Can you measure the senescence burden in the body?

    34:06 UPAR is not the only senescence marker.

    35:00 Why targeting specificity is important.

    37:00 Paper summary

    37:43 Senolytic drugs on the horizon

    41:00 Preventive medicine approach

    42:08 Wrap up.

    44 min
  • Psychedelics for Psychotherapy - The Future is Now: The Biology Brief Ep 8

    Explore the realm of psychedelic therapy in Episode 8 of "The Biology Brief." Join hosts Kiley Grant and Dr. Jim Cardelli as they analyze a groundbreaking paper on MDMA and PTSD, discussing flaws and the promising Phase 3 trial success. The episode covers the history of MDMA, clinical trials for PTSD, and potential FDA approval. Trace the evolution of psychedelic research from the 50s, dissect treatment protocols, and delve into the impact of various psychedelics. Learn about the formation of new neural connections with MDMA and Psilocybin, discuss adverse events, and contemplate the societal impact of creating drugs from natural products.

    Our company: https://www.oleo.live/
    Buy Oligen here: https://oleocanthal.co/


    Articles we read:

    Article 1, Article 2, Article 3, Article 4

    0:00 Introduction
    0:59 First Paper by Mitchell et al to be discussed; MDMA and PTSD
    1:21 Flaw in this paper?
    2:47 Intro to MDMA
    4:18 Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview
    7:52 Clinical trials for PTSD treatment – MDMA
    12:08 Phase 3 trial success predicts FDA approval in the near future.
    12:45 Early studies in the 50s and 60s shut down in 1970 Nixon but growing since the 90s.
    13:55 Clinical Treatment Protocol – who is in and who is not, cost?
    19:44 Beyond MDMA. Other Psychedelics are being studied.
    21:00 How do these drugs work?
    21:45 MDMA action in the brain – new neural connections form
    27:00 Psilocybin from Magic Mushrooms – New connections in the brain are formed
    32:52 Adverse advents for these new treatments?
    34:00 Can the hallucinogenic effects be separated from the improved response upon treatment?
    36:08 Make new drugs from natural products – the impact on society and the health care system.
    39:15 Wrap up

    42 min
  • Alzheimer's Disease: Are we turning the corner? - The Biology Brief ep 7

    Welcome to "The Biology Brief," your passport to the forefront of biology and innovation, proudly presented by Oleolive. Dive deep into the intricate world of Alzheimer's disease with Kiley Grant and Dr. Jim Cardelli in Episode 7 of "The Biology Brief" podcast! Join us as we unravel the foundations, breakthroughs, and challenges surrounding this complex condition. From New Antibody Therapeutics to the impact of Aducanumab, we explore the latest in Alzheimer's research. Discover the link between Alzheimer's and Type 2 Diabetes, delve into cutting-edge insights on Tau, and grasp the concept of Type 3 Diabetes. Explore global perspectives on Alzheimer's prevalence, biomarkers for personalized medicine, and innovative interventions. Join the conversation on neuroplasticity, rewiring, and the urgent call to action for proactive health measures.

    Our company: https://www.oleo.live/

    Buy Oligen here: https://oleocanthal.co/

    What is alzheimer's disease 1:25
    A hallmark of alzheimers - 2:55
    New Antibody Therapeutics 3:46
    amyloid beta 5:20
    clinical trials 6:12
    Aducanumab Breakthrough on treatment 7:36
    AD is a Complex disease 9:19
    What percent of AD patients have T2D 11:10
    Pathways and new drugs 12:54
    Clinical Trials Patient selection 16:02
    Tau 18:42
    Type 3 diabetes (AD) 20:00
    Microglia Cells 22:46
    Early Prevention AD, a disease of aging 24:10
    Early Detection and Multimodal Prevention 26:57
    Historical prevalence of AD 30:55
    Bio markers for diagnosis and personalized medicine 32:00
    Amyloid antibodies and side effects and cost 34:17
    Drugs designed to target early disease 36:00
    Patient recruitment problems for clinical trials 37:00
    Is AD a western disease predominately? 39:32
    Japan, Italy, Greece and lower rates of AD 40:30
    Neuroplasticity and rewiring 42:05
    Take responsibility for care of your health 43:00
    Wrap up 43:36

    46 min
  • Do Viruses Cause Neurodegenerative Diseases? - The Biology Brief Ep. 6

    Welcome to "The Biology Brief," your passport to the forefront of biology and innovation, proudly presented by Oleolive. In this episode of "The Biology Brief," we delve into groundbreaking research that investigates the intriguing connections between viral exposures and the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Recent findings have highlighted the Epstein-Barr virus's association with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis, coupled with growing concerns about the neurological impact of the coronavirus pandemic. Join us on this captivating exploration where science meets the future, only on "The Biology Brief." Stay informed, stay curious!

    Read the paper:
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36669485/#:~:text=The%20largest%20effect%20association%20was,%2DBarr%2Fmultiple%20sclerosis%20association.
    Our company: https://www.oleo.live/
    Buy Oligen here: https://oleocanthal.co/
    Intro - 0:05
    Explaining neurotropic viruses and viral encephalitis - 2:30
    How you can comprimise your blood brain barrier - 4:35
    The effect of viruses on your brain - 5:35
    NDD lag discovery - 10:45
    The effect of COVID on your brain - 14:25
    Can we develop a hole in our blood brain barrier - 16:46
    Hypothesizing COVIDs longterm effect on the healthcare system- 18:40
    Long COVID - 20:50
    Pre and post NDD hazard ratios - 23:04
    Oleolive - 28:36

    32 min
  • The Biology Brief Ep. 5 - The Scientific Method: Unraveling Truths, Flaws, and Innovations

    Welcome to "The Biology Brief," your passport to the forefront of biology and innovation, proudly presented by Oleolive. In this episode, your hosts, Kiley Grant, CEO of Oleolive, and CTO Dr. Jim Cardelli, embark on an enlightening journey through the scientific method. From the foundational goal of observation to the resilience required when hypotheses go awry, Kiley and Jim unpack the intricacies of the scientific method. They explore the importance of curiosity, delve into the flaws of the scientific method, and stress the significance of acknowledging negative data. The episode navigates through the influence of media on public perception, the dangers of anti-science politicization, and the pitfalls of confirmation bias. Bringing it home, Kiley and Jim discuss applying the scientific method in daily life and the critical role of communication in the scientific community. Join us on this captivating exploration where science meets the future, only on "The Biology Brief." Stay informed, stay curious!

    Intro - 0:05
    The goal of observation - 1:00
    The importance of being curious - 4:04
    Defining the scientific method - 6:06
    What do you do when your hypothesis is wrong - 8:04
    Asking the right questions - 10:00
    The scientific method is flawed - 12:54
    The importance of negative data journals - 16:20
    The media effects how the average American understands science- 17:50
    The dangers of anti-science and the over politicization of science- 19:20
    Confirmation bias - 21:21
    Applying the scientific method in our daily lives - 22:20
    Communication in the scientific community - 25:00
    Oleolive - 28:53
    Our company: https://www.oleo.live/
    Buy Oligen here: https://oleocanthal.co/

    30 min
  • The Biology Brief Ep 4: GLP-1 Agonists, Their Benefits, Impact on the Market and Future of Treatment

    Join us for a deep dive into the world of GLP-1 agonists in this 30-minute podcast-style discussion. We unravel the mysteries surrounding these powerful medications, shedding light on their remarkable benefits, potential pitfalls, and profound impact on the healthcare market.
    Jim and Kiley delve into the science behind GLP-1 agonists, uncovering their transformative effects on both weight loss and diabetes management. From unraveling their mechanism of action to exploring their implications for patients' lives.
    Discover how GLP-1 agonists are reshaping the landscape of diabetes treatment, offering new hope and possibilities for millions worldwide. We analyze their market impact, discussing their role in shaping future pharmaceutical developments and healthcare strategies.
    Whether you're a healthcare professional, patient, or simply curious about the cutting-edge advancements in diabetes care, this discussion provides valuable insights and predictions into the promising future of GLP-1 agonists.
    Our company: https://www.oleo.live/
    Buy Oligen here: https://oleocanthal.co/

    31 min

About The Biology Brief

From the publisher's feed

Welcome to "The Biology Brief," your go-to podcast for exploring the frontiers of biology and innovation, proudly brought to you by Oleolive. I'm your host, Kiley Grant, Oleolive's CEO, joined by our…