Authoritarian regimes have long viewed exiled dissidents as a threat—but in the digital era, this contest has gone transnational. Today’s exiles are not just passive victims of repression but strategic actors in global information warfare. Armed with smartphones and secure messaging apps, they amplify dissent, shape international opinion, and even provide actionable intelligence to foreign governments. But they also face mounting risks—malware, phishing, threats to family back home—as regimes extend their coercive power across borders. Drawing on cases from Iran, Syria, and beyond, this post examines the evolving dynamic of digital transnational repression and the emerging power of the digital diaspora.

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