The Ethics Toolkit is a series within Essential Ethics designed to give clinicians a clear understanding of the tools that bioethicists use to think through complex problems. This episode examines different ways to consider bioethics, beyond the commonly used framework of the four principles. Virtue ethics, consequentialism and rule-based ethics all get a road test to see how they might add value to bioethical discourse in various situations. Host: Prof John Massie, Clinical Director, Children’s Bioethics Centre. Guest: Dr Ros McDougall, Senior Lecturer, University of Melbourne School of Population and Global Health.