The internet in Iran stands as a paradox—a vital lifeline for many but also a battleground for control and security. In recent years, we’ve witnessed significant internet blackouts that coincide with times of civil unrest, most notably in January 2026 when access plummeted to a mere 1% of normal levels. This dramatic reduction in connectivity wasn't just a technical issue; it was a calculated move by authorities seeking to stifle dissent and limit the spread of information during a critical moment of protest.
But internet shutdowns are not an isolated incident. Just a month earlier, in December 2025, Iran was hit by one of the largest cyberattacks in its history—a Distributed Denial-of-Service attack that came from over 120,000 sources around the globe. Despite the magnitude of the attack, officials claimed successful mitigation. However, the chaos this laid bare raised concerns about the overall resilience of Iran’s internet infrastructure and the profound economic implications that follow.


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