The Park Avenue Tunnel in New York City, also known as the Murray Hill Tunnel, is a historic underground passage originally built in the 1830s to carry the New York and Harlem Railroad. Initially an open cut, it was enclosed in 1850, creating a tunnel that ran under what is now Park Avenue between 33rd and 40th Streets. The tunnel allowed trains to access Grand Central Depot, the predecessor to Grand Central Terminal, but in 1872, passenger train use was stopped south of the depot due to noise and safety concerns. In 1913, following the completion of Grand Central Terminal and the electrification of trains, the tunnel was repurposed for automobile traffic, making it one of the city’s unique thoroughfares for vehicles. Today, the Park Avenue Tunnel is occasionally used for art installations and remains a testament to New York’s evolving transportation infrastructure.