Nortel, once a pioneering tech company in digital communications, had a meteoric rise and fall. Founded in 1895 as Northern Electric, it grew into a global giant with a $400 billion market cap in the late 1990s. However, the company's aggressive acquisition strategy, neglect of profitability, and misjudgment of Internet Protocol led to its downfall. The dot-com bubble burst, and Nortel's stock plummeted from $124.50 to less than $3. The company faced massive layoffs, accounting scandals, and allegations of corporate espionage. Despite its innovative legacy, Nortel filed for bankruptcy in 2009, and its assets were sold off. The company's story serves as a cautionary tale of the tech industry, highlighting the importance of prioritizing profits, staying adaptable, and maintaining customer trust. Nortel's legacy continues to impact our lives, with its innovations in digital communications and fiber optics laying the foundation for modern technology. The company's rise and fall is a reminder that even the biggest companies can fall if they lose sight of their core values and strategic vision.