Here Paul continues his argument for the universal problem of sin, specifically how it is also a problem for Jews and not only Gentiles. In these verses he tackles two objections that he knows his Jewish listeners will raise their possession of the Law and their being marked with the sign of the covenant circumcision. Paul demonstrates once more that it is obedience that matters and on those grounds, all of humanity stands in trouble. It is this reality, however, that makes the gospel truly remarkable and glorious news for all who believe!