The provided texts offer a multifaceted exploration of philosophical concepts, primarily focusing on Pythagorean thought and materialism. "CompletePythagoras.pdf" details the life, teachings, and community structure attributed to Pythagoras, covering topics such as his legendary birth, the Pythagorean community's asceticism and emphasis on friendship, their mathematical discoveries in music, and their views on gods, duty, and the soul. Complementing this historical perspective, "Gustavo E. Romero Javier Pérez-Jara Lino Camprubí Editors - CORE" introduces various materialist philosophies, contrasting them with physicalism and idealism, and tracing their evolution from Pre-Socratic thinkers like Thales and Heraclitus through to Modern idealism and contemporary materialist figures such as Mario Bunge and Gustavo Bueno. This second source also examines the ontology of quantum mechanics, the concept of emergence in biological and social systems, and the materiality of mathematics, highlighting the ongoing debates and nuances within materialist thought. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry title further frames the discussion by indicating a scholarly focus on Pythagoras within a broader philosophical context.

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