In 1973, eight healthy people walked into psychiatric hospitals across the United States and said they were hearing voices. Every one of them was admitted.

Psychologist David Rosenhan conducted one of the most controversial experiments in the history of psychology.

Eight healthy volunteers entered psychiatric hospitals across the United States and reported hearing a single symptom: unfamiliar voices.

Within hours, every one of them was admitted.

Once inside, the volunteers stopped pretending. They behaved normally. They told staff they were healthy. But the hospitals didn’t believe them.

Some remained institutionalized for weeks.

The study—later published as “On Being Sane in Insane Places”—raised troubling questions about psychiatric diagnosis, mental health institutions, and the power of labels.

In this episode of The Midnight Drive, we explore:

• The origins of the Rosenhan Experiment • How pseudopatients entered psychiatric hospitals • What life inside the wards was really like • The controversy that followed the study • How the experiment changed modern psychiatry

More than fifty years later, the Rosenhan Experiment still forces us to confront an unsettling question:

How do we define mental illness?

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