While sturgeon populations faced near-extinction due to historical overharvesting, modern aquaculture has led to a massive global surge in caviar production, particularly in China. Despite this newfound abundance, retail prices remain high because sturgeon farming requires immense capital, specialized labor, and up to two decades of waiting for fish to mature. The industry is also burdened by strict international regulations and expensive logistical needs that preserve its status as a premium good. Furthermore, high restaurant markups and a growing global appetite for luxury items prevent wholesale savings from reaching the average consumer. Ultimately, the market has transitioned from a wild-caught scarcity to a farmed luxury where brand prestige and high overhead maintain its elite pricing.

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