In a speech delivered in 1971 in Cape Town, South Africa, Steve Bantu Biko proclaimed that the “The most potent weapon in the hands of the oppressor is the mind of the oppressed.” This time-less expression is undoubtedly just as important today, than when these words were first uttered. More importantly, they are fueling grassroots organizing and resistance efforts in South Africa, as well as in Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Brazil and other places. We see the echoes of this axiom in movements across South Africa from the Rhodes Must Fall uprisings to the organizational expressions of resistance of organizations such as Black First, Land First. Today, in South Africa…the tide is changing. Many are developing a critical consciousness that is informing their resistance to the failures of post-Apartheid South Africa, with support and solidarity from around the African world…the people of South Africa are no longer sitting idly by waiting for justice and equality to be legislated for them. Important to note, the historical timeline is just 23 years since…this point is vital to highlight for a number of reasons… They are responding to what some analysts call…the neocolonial policies that maintains the deadly economic and sociopolitical structure of apartheid that is bolstered by still present white supremacist ideological practices, which continually exacerbate inequalities and class divisions in a "new" South Africa. Chris Hani, another one of South Africa’s important radical activist intellectuals is vital to examine in tandem with Steve Biko. Often, intentionally left out of any conversation about the struggle against the racist apartheid regime, Chris Hani praxis brings a clarity to the resistance within South Africa today, as it did when he was alive. The ability of Chris Hani to galvanize masses, his ideological clarity, and full commitment to the people of South Africa was clear. It was so clear that it, of course, threaten the “broker” peace between the apartheid government and the ANC. According to a 1991 confidential cable by a Pretoria-based US diplomat, "[He] often appears on public platforms in the townships wearing quasi-combat fatigues and delivering fiery speeches that arouse and delight the audience…the cable goes on to highlight that...“many observers believe that Hani would trounce Mbeki if there were a popular vote among ANC supporters.” This method of response by perceived power elites, is not relegated to African radical activist/intellectuals. This response is global. Nevertheless, Chris Hani and Steve Biko provide a deep and clear archetype of what it means to the change we wish to see. It is our job to expand, evolve the path that has been set. What we will hear next is Steve Biko explore Black Consciousness, in his own words, and then Chris Hani. Listen intentionally. Clearly. But most importantly, listen for and to extract the ideas…understand the historical continuities, to see toward a different future. Our show was produced today in solidarity with the native, indigenous, African and Afro-descended communities at Standing Rock; Venezuela; Cooperation Jackson in Jackson, Mississippi; Brazil; the Avalon Village in Detroit; Colombia; Kenya; Palestine; South Africa; and Ghana; and other places who are fighting for the protection of our land for the benefit of all people. Enjoy the program.