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Source material:

On the Unity of the Intellect against the Averroists https://issuu.com/bouvard6/docs/saint_thomas_aquinas_beatrice_h

Comparison/Contrast of Averroës and Aquinas https://epublications.marquette.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1758&context=phil_fac

Summa Theologica https://www3.nd.edu/~afreddos/summa-translation/TOC.htm

The 4 Causes: 

1. Material cause = the stuff of matter--potentiality

2. Formal cause = the form of matter--its essence--God is the only being with complete actuality and essence, and is the only pure formal cause and needs no potentiality

3. Efficient cause = something that has an effect

4. Final cause = goal or purpose toward which a thing is oriented--the ultimate goal of humanity is to behold the Divine Essence

The 5 Ways

1. Evidence of Motion

2. Effects must have causes; there must be a beginning cause.

3. Matter cannot create itself; there must be a way to account for the first matter.

4. The existence of gradations implies an ultimate starting point for comparison.

5. Behavior of things implies a Grand Designer.