Today, we’re talking about resilience and how broken systems return to normal. Let’s begin at the object level, as usual. Last time, we talked about feedback loops maintaining stability in physical systems and in relationships. In fact, this pattern of feedback loops leading to stability appears very often in nature. One example is the human body’s ability to maintain a stable temperature. And we have also used our understanding of feedback loops to improve people’s health and wellbeing, such as intervening in the broken feedback loops in diabetes to prolong people’s lives. And in the book, you go even further than just observing where they turn up and what happens if they don’t. Now if we think of systems as cohesive groups of interrelated parts, can you talk about how understanding feedback loops better have led to new general theories of the way systems work? 

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