The Bible Difficulties and Answers Podcast

Tuesday Contradictions: Matthew 10:2 – Who Were the Twelve? Solving the Gospel Name Mix-Up

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Hey there, scripture fans! In episode 179 Lance Smith explores apparent discrepancies in the lists of the twelve apostles across Matthew, Mark, Luke, and Acts. He explains why names like Thaddeus, Judas son of James, Simon the Canaanite, and Simon the Zealot actually refer to the same people through nicknames, language shifts, and oral memory, showing these variations confirm authenticity rather than contradiction.

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  1. Skeptics Annotated Bible: https://www.skepticsannotatedbible.com/contra/apostles.html 
  2. "Who Were the 12 Apostles? The Complete Guide," OverviewBible (overviewbible.com/12-apostles/)
  3. "List of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus: Names & Facts," Encyclopædia Britannica (www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-the-Twelve-Apostles-of-Jesus)
  4. "Introducing and Ranking the Twelve Apostles," Nathan Albright, Edge Induced Cohesion (www.edgeinducedcohesion.blog/2011/01/30/introducing-and-ranking-the-twelve-apostles/)
  5. "An Almost Definite List of the Twelve Apostles," Jonathan McLachlan, The Reign of God (www.thereignofgod.com/2020/06/13/an-almost-definite-list-of-the-twelve-apostles/)
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