Network topology describes how devices in a network are connected physically and logically. Choosing the right topology affects performance, scalability, and maintenance.

In this episode, you’ll learn:

• Point-to-Point (P2P): Direct link between two devices. Fast, simple, but limited to small areas.

• Bus Topology: Single backbone cable connecting all nodes. Cost-effective for small LANs but prone to traffic collisions.

• Ring Topology: Devices connected in a closed loop, using tokens to pass data. Offers equal access, but a single failure can affect the network.

• Star Topology: All devices connect to a central hub. Easy troubleshooting and device management, hub failure can halt affected nodes.

• Mesh Topology: Every device connected to every other. Highly redundant, secure, and fault-tolerant, but expensive and complex.

• Tree Topology: Hierarchical topology combining star and bus features. Easy management and expansion, heavily cabled.

• Hybrid Topology: Combines two or more topologies. Flexible and scalable, but complex and costly.

How to Choose:

• Bus: cheapest, small networks

• Star: good for future expansion and twisted pair cabling

• Full Mesh: ideal redundancy and connectivity

• Hybrid: best for mixed-use scenarios

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Network topology is the blueprint of connectivity. Choose wisely, because the structure determines speed, reliability, and scalability.