In this episode, NENSC Co-Chair Dan Poneman convenes two leading experts for a thoughtful conversation regarding ongoing negotiations between the United States and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on a “123 agreement,” a civil nuclear cooperation agreement that provides a framework for peaceful nuclear energy cooperation. Participants include Robert Einhorn, a senior fellow in the Arms Control and Non-Proliferation Initiative and the Strobe Talbott Center for Security, Strategy, and Technology at the Brookings Institution, and Pranay Vaddi, a senior nuclear fellow at the Center for Nuclear Security Policy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.