The text discusses vigilance and monitoring in aviation, particularly in relation to pilots and automated systems.
It defines vigilance as sustained attention to detect irregularities and explains the concept of vigilance decrement, where performance declines over time due to cognitive load—not boredom or fatigue alone.

Monitoring is described as the practical act of gathering information to maintain situational awareness. Although the terms are often used interchangeably, they are recognized as distinct.

The text highlights how even experienced pilots experience a decline in monitoring, especially when autopilot is engaged. It emphasizes that training cannot eliminate this natural phenomenon but can help pilots understand and mitigate its effects, including the importance of task-sharing to maintain attention.