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Vitamin D Status and Trabeculectomy Outcomes

Vitamin D is a crucial nutrient (actually a hormone) known for maintaining bone health, but it also modulates the immune system and inflammation in many tissues, including the eye【6】【25】. Glaucoma – a progressive optic nerve disease – is driven partly by high eye pressure and damaging inflammation. Some studies have found that people with glaucoma tend to have lower blood vitamin D levels than healthy controls【9】. Animal and cell studies suggest the vitamin D hormone (calcitriol) can protect retinal ganglion cells (the nerves damaged in glaucoma) and reduce inflammatory signals in the eye【6】. In fact, in trabecular meshwork (drainage) cells under stress, vitamin D3 blocked many abnormal changes (excessive matrix, collagen, inflammatory cytokines) that contribute to glaucoma pathology【6】. These findings imply vitamin D could help guard the optic nerve and enhance fluid outflow.

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