Women and children suffer the most during war. As we close out International Women's Month, it is appropriate to reflect on the rising cost of war on civilian populations, and particularly women. The United Nations has noted that war-related Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) has nearly doubled in recent years, as record numbers of women live within 50km of active conflicts. This episode discusses the trend of increasing war-related sexual violence, and various historical, psychological, and evolutionary perspectives. A caution: this episode discusses academic research on sexual violence in war, and some listeners may find the studies and the cases disturbing.