What caused the end of the Ice Age? It’s a 20,000-year old mystery that’s being tackled by climate scientists across the county. Answering this question is not just about understanding the past -- it’s about developing a unified theory of the atmospheric system. And it can help refine climate models that project current and future rates of warming.
 
Aaron Putnam and his research team from the University of Maine are searching for clues as to what caused this rapid melting of glaciers and ice sheets. To find answers, Putnam's team traveled to a remote ice field in the Mongolian Altai, a vast range of mountains that touch Russia, Mongolia, China and Kazakstan. 

This story is brought to us by Kevin Stark. He’s an environmental journalist who lives in Chicago. He embedded with Putnam’s team for the entire 6-week journey, a part his work as a Comer journalism fellow at Northwestern University.

Make sure to read Kevin’s companion piece at Pacific Standard Magazine: http://bit.ly/2eJbZ4T

Thanks to our sponsor, Wunder Capital. Create an account for free and invest directly in U.S. solar projects: Wundercapital.com/warm

What caused the end of the Ice Age?

Warm Regards is a podcast about life on a warming planet. The show is hosted by Jacquelyn Gill, a paleoecologist at the University of Maine, and Ramesh Laungani, a biologist at Doane University. Produced by Justin Schell, with transcription and social media support from Joe Stormer and Katherine Peinhardt. Our conversations are often honest and raw, as we talk with newsmakers, researchers, activists, policymakers, artists, and others as we push past the graphs and the headlines to get at the heart of what it means to live and work in a warming world. Our current season focuses on the often unexpected human stories behind climate data, from how it's collected to what we do with it. We're just as much a podcast about what it means to be human as we are about climate change--how we think, decide, love, grieve, change our behavior, and roll up our sleeves to tackle our toughest challenges.

Science

A new podcast from Jacquelyn Gill of Warm Regards. Check out: Jax and Phoebe Make a Planet!

Hi! We're Jax (Jacquelyn Gill) and Phoebe (Phoebe Cohen), and we’re baking an apple pie. But first, we have to make a planet — and not just any planet, but the best planet: Earth! It's a project that's been 4.56 billion years in the making, and we've got all the ingredients right here: Comets! Asteroids! Volcanoes! Oxygen! Water! Carbon! Now we just need a few billion years. Better preheat those ovens … !

Jax and Phoebe Make a Planet is a limited-run podcast airing in 2024 that will explore all the major chance events in Earth history that needed to take place to get to the moment where two humans (us!) are able to hang out and bake an apple pie together. Along the way, our listeners will learn about why Earth is such an incredibly special place — and one worth protecting. Each episode will focus on an important moment that changed the trajectory of our planet, and life itself — the formation of the moon, the evolution of the oxygen-producing bacteria that created our breathable atmosphere, how plants made it onto land, the asteroid impact that ushered in the Age of Mammals, and more. Along the way, we’ll explore the origins of all the ingredients needed to make an apple pie (Sugar! Butter! Apples!). The show will include a blend of scripted essays, conversation, and interviews with the diverse scientists helping us understand how we got here, and why it matters. 

Subscribe wherever you get your podcasts!

For more information, visit our website at https://makeaplanetpod.earth/

For a version of this trailer with no music, visit: https://soundcloud.com/makeaplanetpod/introducing-jax-and-phoebe-make-a-planet-no-music

Introducing: Jax and Phoebe Make a Planet!

In the finale to our season on climate data, we continue our exploration of storytelling as a way to imagine and build climate futures. Jacquelyn and Ramesh first speak with climate reporter and podcaster Kendra Pierre-Louis about science fiction, representation, and her own shift from writing apocalyptic stories to working on the solutions-focused podcast How to Save a Podcast. Next, they speak with Mary Heglar, co-creator and co-host of the Hot Take newsletter and podcast (along with Amy Westervelt), about the authors and works that influenced how she saw her role in a warming world, including Octavia Butler, James Baldwin, and more, as well as the importance of grappling with climate grief and the historical injustices that have given rise to the consequences of climate change, both now and in the future. 

You can find a transcript of this episode on our Medium page: 
https://ourwarmregards.medium.com/building-our-climate-futures-through-storytelling-pt-2-w-kendra-pierre-louis-and-mary-heglar-dff39a779957

Kendra Pierre-Louis

Her personal website:
https://www.kendrawrites.com/

Follower Kendra on Twitter:
https://twitter.com/KendraWrites

A republished version of her essay about Wakanda and climate change: 
https://time.com/5889324/movies-climate-change/

All We Can Save:
https://www.allwecansave.earth


Subscribe to How to Save a Planet: 
https://gimletmedia.com/shows/howtosaveaplanet

Mary Heglar

Follow Mary on Twitter:
https://twitter.com/MaryHeglar

Listen to Hot Take and subscribe to their newsletter:
https://www.criticalfrequency.org/hot-take

Climate Change Isn’t the First Existential Threat
https://zora.medium.com/sorry-yall-but-climate-change-ain-t-the-first-existential-threat-b3c999267aa0

Feel Something, Learn Something, Do Something: A Care Package for Climate Grief 
https://medium.com/@maryheglar/feel-something-learn-something-do-something-a-care-package-for-climate-grief-394cc83933d2

Climate and the Personal Essay — A Reading List
https://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2020/02/11/climate-personal-essay-reading-list/

The big lie we’re told about climate change is that it’s our own fault: 
https://www.vox.com/first-person/2018/10/11/17963772/climate-change-global-warming-natural-disasters

Octavia Butler 

Parable of the Sower:
https://app.thestorygraph.com/books/70962fbf-178f-40f5-882d-510a9f46c70e

Official website of the Octavia Butler Estate:
https://www.octaviabutler.com

The Octavia Butler Legacy Network:
http://octaviabutlerlegacy.com

The Expanse & Climate Change

https://io9.gizmodo.com/if-you-care-about-earth-you-should-watch-the-expanse-1836708366

The Day After Tomorrow & Climate Awareness

https://yaleclimateconnections.org/2014/11/the-long-melt-the-lingering-influence-of-the-day-after-tomorrow/

https://climatecommunication.yale.edu/publications/before-and-after-the-day-after-tomorrow/

Katharine Hayhoe: the most important thing we can do about climate change is talk about it: 
https://www.ted.com/talks/katharine_hayhoe_the_most_important_thing_you_can_do_to_fight_climate_change_talk_about_it?language=en

Eric Holthaus: On Being a Climate Person: 
https://thecorrespondent.com/98/on-being-a-climate-person/12973890622-af2e1b83

You can subscribe to Sustain 267 here or wherever you get your podcasts:
https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/sustain267-podcast/id1512446379

Please consider becoming a patron on Patreon to help us pay our producer, Justin Schell, our transcriber, Jo Stormer, and our social media coordinator, Katherine Peinhardt, who are all working as volunteers. Your support helps us not only to stay sustainable, but also to grow.
www.patreon.com/warmregards

Find Warm Regards on the web and on social media:

Web: www.WarmRegardsPodcast.com
Twitter: @ourwarmregards
Facebook: www.facebook.com/WarmRegardsPodcast

Building our Climate Futures Through Storytelling (Pt. 2), w/Kendra Pierre-Louis and Mary Heglar

In the first episode of our two-part finale of our season on climate data, we’re going to focus on fiction, not facts: specifically, on the world-building, future-crafting writers who tell stories to warn us, teach us, inspire us, and motivate us to work for the future of our choosing. In speaking with authors Eric Holthaus and Kim Stanley Robinson, they discuss how hope, empathy, and, of course, climate science and climate data, informed their most recent work, Eric’s The Future Earth and Kim Stanley Robinson’s The Ministry for the Future. 

You can find a link to a full transcript of this episode on our Medium page: 

https://ourwarmregards.medium.com/building-our-climate-futures-through-storytelling-part-1-feat-5b2a8077e4b1

You can follow Eric Holthaus on Twitter:
https://twitter.com/EricHolthaus

You can read more about and purchase his book, The Future Earth, here: https://bookshop.org/books/the-future-earth-a-radical-vision-for-what-s-possible-in-the-age-of-warming/9780062883162

Finally, you can subscribe to Eric’s newsletter, The Phoenix, here:
https://thephoenix.substack.com

Kim Stanley (Stan) Robinson: 

You can read more about and purchase his book, The Ministry for the Future, here: https://bookshop.org/books/the-ministry-for-the-future/9780316300131

A comprehensive, though unofficial, website dedicated to Stan’s work: 
http://www.kimstanleyrobinson.info

On the power of speculative and science fiction: 

‘We’ve already survived an apocalypse’: Indigenous writers are changing Sci-Fi: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/14/books/indigenous-native-american-sci-fi-horror.html

Afrofuturism, Africanfuturism, and the language of Black speculative literature: https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/afrofuturism-africanfuturism-and-the-language-of-black-speculative-literature/



On climate fiction: 

Climate fiction: Can books save the planet? https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2015/08/climate-fiction-margaret-atwood-literature/400112/

The influence of climate fiction: an empirical survey of readers: https://read.dukeupress.edu/environmental-humanities/article/10/2/473/136689/The-Influence-of-Climate-FictionAn-Empirical

The rise of apocalyptic novels: https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20210108-the-rise-of-apocalyptic-novels

With the world on fire, climate fiction no longer looks like a fantasy: https://grist.org/climate/with-the-world-on-fire-climate-fiction-no-longer-looks-like-fantasy/

Amy Brady’s “Burning Worlds” column for the Chicago Review of Books:

https://chireviewofbooks.com/category/burning-worlds/

On futurology:

Smithsonian will celebrate 175 years with an exhibit about the future: https://www.npr.org/2021/03/01/972409626/smithsonian-will-celebrate-175-years-with-an-exhibit-about-the-future

10 ways science fiction predicted the future: https://www.bbc.co.uk/teach/live-lessons/10-ways-science-fiction-predicted-future/z6dynrd

Please consider becoming a patron on Patreon to help us pay our producer, Justin Schell, our transcriber, Jo Stormer, and our social media coordinator, Katherine Peinhardt, who are all working as volunteers. Your support helps us not only to stay sustainable, but also to grow.
www.patreon.com/warmregards

Find Warm Regards on the web and on social media:

Web: www.WarmRegardsPodcast.com
Twitter: @ourwarmregards
Facebook: www.facebook.com/WarmRegardsPodcast

Building our Climate Futures Through Storytelling (Part 1), w/Eric Holthaus + Kim Stanley Robinson

In this episode of Warm Regards, we talk to two Indigenous scientists about traditional ecological knowledges and their relationship with climate and environmental data. In talking with James Rattling Leaf, Sr. and Krystal Tsosie, Jacquelyn and Ramesh discuss how these ideas can challenge Western notions of relationality and ownership, how they have been subject to the long history of extraction and exploitation of Indigenous communities (practices which continue today), but also how Indigenous scientists and activists link sovereignty over data created by and for Indigenous people to larger sovereignty demands. 

You can find a transcript of this episode on our Medium page:
https://ourwarmregards.medium.com/indigenous-climate-knowledges-and-data-sovereignty-4fc756b9476e

James Rattling Leaf, Sr.
North Central Climate Adaptation Science Center
https://nccasc.colorado.edu

Rising Voices:
https://risingvoices.ucar.edu

GEO Indigenous Alliance
https://earthobservations.org/indigenoussummit2020.php

Oceti Sakowin
http://aktalakota.stjo.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=8309
https://americanindian.si.edu/nk360/plains-belonging-nation/oceti-sakowin

Tribal Climate Leaders Program:
https://cires.colorado.edu/news/tribal-climate-leaders-program

Krystal Tsosie

You can follow her on Twitter:
https://twitter.com/kstsosie

Native BioData Consortium
https://nativebio.org

United States Indigenous Data Sovereignty Network
https://usindigenousdata.org

CARE Principle for Indigenous Data Governance
https://datascience.codata.org/articles/10.5334/dsj-2020-043/

Finally, you can listen to Good Fire at their website or wherever you get your podcasts:
https://yourforestpodcast.com/good-fire-podcast

Further reading: 

Several of Kyle Whyte’s papers informed out team’s understanding as we prepared this episode: 

Indigenous Climate Change Studies: Indigenous Futures, Decolonizing the Anthropocene
https://kylewhyte.marcom.cal.msu.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/12/2018/07/IndigenousClimateChangeStudies.pdf 

Indigenous Lessons About Sustainability Are Not Just “For All Humanity”
https://kylewhyte.marcom.cal.msu.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/12/2018/07/IndigenousInsightsintoSustainabilityarenotforAllHumanity.pdf

Too late for indigenous climate justice: Ecological and relational tipping points
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/wcc.603

Dominique M. David-Chavez and Michael C. Gavin, A global assessment of Indigenous community engagement in climate research.
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aaf300/meta

Eve Tuck & Wayne Wang 2012, Decolonization is not a metaphor
https://clas.osu.edu/sites/clas.osu.edu/files/Tuck%20and%20Yang%202012%20Decolonization%20is%20not%20a%20metaphor.pdf

For more on how climate change impacts Shishmaref, see Elizabeth Marino’s book, Fierce Climate Sacred Ground:
https://www.alaska.edu/uapress/browse/detail/index.xml?id=528

Scott Kalafatis et al., Ensuring climate services serve society: examining tribes’ collaborations with climate scientists using a capability approach:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-019-02429-2

Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals
http://www7.nau.edu/itep/main

This Teen Vogue article is a nice introduction to land acknowledgements
https://www.teenvogue.com/story/indigenous-land-acknowledgement-explained

For more on the Land Back movement:
https://landback.org/

This Flash Forward episode (with lots of links for further reading)
https://www.flashforwardpod.com/2020/11/10/land-back/

The 2Land2Furious project by the Métis in Space podcast creators
https://briarpatchmagazine.com/articles/view/back-2-the-land-2land-2furious 
http://www.metisinspace.com

Jacquelyn would especially like to thank Katherine Crocker, who has deeply influenced her own thinking about Indigenous sovereignty and ethical partnerships. Check out her essay, Cricket Egg Stories: http://carte-blanche.org/hiyoge-owisisi-tanga-ita-cricket-egg-stories/

Indigenous Climate Knowledges and Data Sovereignty

This episode of Warm Regards focuses on two more facets of decision making based on data about how the climate is changing. We first talk to Beth Gibbons, the Executive Director of the American Society of Adaptation Professionals. Beth talks to us about the different ways that people working in the field of climate adaptation use climate data to plan for present and future climate conditions, including the different consequences of climate change (sea level rise, water shortages, stronger storms, and more). We also discuss how adaptation efforts can respond to and work to alleviate historical inequalities that make climate change worse for marginalized communities. Next, Jacquelyn and Ramesh talk with Dr. Jola Ajibade, an Assistant Professor of Geography at Portland State University. Dr. Ajibade’s work looks at not just the importance of how we talk about different forms of climate migration (such as planned retreat, managed retreat, and others) but also how it has taken different forms around the world, with uneven levels of success and equity for the individuals and communities moving due to climate change. 

You can find a transcript of this episode on our Medium page: 
https://ourwarmregards.medium.com/adapting-and-moving-in-a-warming-world-with-elizabeth-gibbons-and-dr-jola-ajibade-f889dbffcbd1

What is climate adaptation, and how has it been neglected? 
https://yaleclimateconnections.org/2019/12/what-is-climate-change-adaptation-and-why-does-it-matter/

For more on how adaptation has been neglected: 
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/apr/10/adaptation-is-the-poor-cousin-of-climate-change-policy

Adaptation isn’t surrender, it’s survival: 
https://www.wired.com/story/climate-adaptation-isnt-surrender-its-survival/

What is climate resilience? 
https://www.c2es.org/site/assets/uploads/2019/04/what-is-climate-resilience.pdf

The case for managed retreat: 
https://www.politico.com/news/agenda/2020/07/14/climate-change-managed-retreat-341753

Equitable retreat: the need for fairness in coastal communities: 
https://e360.yale.edu/features/equitable-retreat-the-need-for-fairness-in-relocating-coastal-communities

Climate migration on NHPR’s Outside/In Radio: 
http://outsideinradio.org/shows/climate-migration

Beth Gibbons is the Executive DIrector of the American Society of Adaptation Professionals. 
https://adaptationprofessionals.org

You can follow Beth on Twitter:
https://twitter.com/ehgibb?lang=en

You can also follow ASAP on Twitter:
https://twitter.com/adaptpros

Jola Ajibade is an Assistant Professor of Geography at Portland State University. 

You can learn more about her work at her website:
https://sites.google.com/pdx.edu/idowu-ajibade/about

And follow her on Twitter:
@JolaAdapts

Please consider becoming a patron on Patreon to help us pay our producer, Justin Schell, our transcriber, Joe Stormer, and our social media coordinator, Katherine Peinhardt, who are all working as volunteers. Your support helps us not only to stay sustainable, but also to grow.

www.patreon.com/warmregards

Find Warm Regards on the web and on social media:
Web: www.WarmRegardsPodcast.com
Twitter: @ourwarmregards
Facebook: www.facebook.com/WarmRegardsPodcast

What caused the end of the Ice Age?

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