Dr. Oliver Schultheiss, chair of experimental psychology and neuroscience at Frederich-Alexander University in Erlangen, Germany, discusses his research into the effect of estrogen on the general temperament of women. Dr. Schultheiss tells host Dr. Lisa Mazzullo that estrogen levels may explain specific behavior patterns, including responsiveness to certain motivation styles. Does estrogen also impact affiliation arousal and stress-defined as the ‘hope of closeness' and ‘fear of rejection?'