Despite many European-driven historical accounts that Africans voluntarily sold their fellow Africans to the Europeans, my historical analysis leads me to a different conclusion. While African share some blame, the culpability of the Europeans far exceed that of the Africans. They needed labor in their plantations in the America's, they decided  in their European capitals - without any input from the Africans - to enslave Africans for the needed labor, they invested in ships,heavy arms, captains, doctors, engineers, and security guard; and then traveled to Africa -uninvited - for the sole purpose of enslaving Africans. Based on their needs, investments, heavy arms and consideration of Blacks as inferior, the Europeans were determined to enslave Africans with or without their consent, with or without their participation.