Unpacking Hegel's Logic: Understanding the Concept of "Being"
As philosophy students, delving into the intricacies of Hegel's philosophical system can be a daunting task. One of the most pressing questions that arises is: why does Hegel choose to begin his Science of Logic with the concept of "being"? In this explanation, we'll explore the significance of this decision, contrasting it with the approaches of other prominent German idealists, Fichte and Schelling.
The Primacy of "Being" in Hegel's System
Hegel's decision to commence his Logic with "being" might seem arbitrary at first. However, this concept serves as the foundation for his entire philosophical edifice. "Being" represents the most basic, immediate, and fundamental aspect of reality. By starting with "being," Hegel establishes a neutral, presuppositionless point of departure, unfettered by prior assumptions or biases. This allows him to construct his system from the ground up, organically developing subsequent concepts and categories.
In contrast, Fichte's philosophical system, as outlined in his Wissenschaftslehre (Doctrine of Science), begins with the "I" or the self. Fichte focuses on the subjective, conscious experience, emphasizing the role of the individual in shaping reality. This subjective orientation leads to a more solipsistic, individualistic perspective, differing significantly from Hegel's emphasis on the objective, universal, and necessary.
Schelling's Alternative: The Primacy of the Absolute
Schelling, on the other hand, takes a more romantic approach, starting his system with the concept of the "Absolute." The Absolute represents the unified, infinite, and eternal essence of reality, encompassing both being and non-being. By beginning with the Absolute, Schelling aims to capture the organic, dynamic, and creative aspects of reality, which he believes are central to understanding the human experience.
While both Fichte and Schelling's systems have their own merits, they differ fundamentally from Hegel's approach. Hegel's focus on "being" allows him to systematically derive subsequent concepts through a process of dialectical reasoning, resulting in a comprehensive and coherent philosophical framework.
The Significance of "Being" in Hegel's Methodology
Hegel's starting point has far-reaching implications for his philosophical method. By initiating with "being," he sets the stage for a dialectical movement, where each subsequent concept emerges as a necessary response to the limitations and contradictions of the previous one. This dialectical process enables Hegel to reveal the inner logic and necessity of his system, demonstrating the organic, interconnected nature of reality.
In conclusion, Hegel's decision to begin his Logic with the concept of "being" is a deliberate choice, underpinning his unique philosophical methodology and distinguishing his system from those of Fichte and Schelling. By grasping the significance of "being," philosophy students can better appreciate the intricacies of Hegel's thought and the rich, complex tapestry of his philosophical system.


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"Dare to use your own reason" - Immanuel Kant