The human brain contains roughly 85 billion neurons, and somehow each one makes the right connections at the right place, in the right order. In this episode, we explore how such astonishing precision emerges during brain development, using the visual system as our guide—from retina to LGN to primary visual cortex. We unpack how genetic programs lay down most of the neural wiring, how axons navigate long distances to their correct targets, and why experience during early life still matters. Nature builds the blueprint; nurture fine-tunes the circuit. Together, they create a brain that can see, adapt, and learn.