The Zhuangzi text critiques the pursuit of worldly wisdom and knowledge, arguing that such pursuits, often associated with sages and rulers, ironically benefit great thieves more than they benefit society. It uses historical examples and parables to show how societal structures and "wisdom" can be exploited by those seeking power and wealth. The text advocates for a return to simplicity and a rejection of artificial systems, believing this will bring true peace and harmony. Ultimately, it questions the very nature of knowledge and its potential to create disorder.