In 2006, the Reserve Bank recalled their previous notes in exchange for new notes with three zeros slashed from the currency. In 2007, the Zimbabwean government declared inflation illegal. Anyone who raised the prices for goods and services was subject to arrest. This amounted to a price freeze, historically shown to be ineffective in halting inflation. At this time, Gideon Gono earned a PhD in Strategic Management from the Atlantic International University in Honolulu, HI. In 2008, Gideon Gono announced a new Zimbabwean dollar, this time with 10 more zeros removed. The Z$10 billion would be redenominated to be Z$1. This move was not just to slow inflation but also to make transaction computations manageable. In 2009, the Reserve Bank dropped 12 more zeros from the currency. This new Z$ was thus worth 10 trillion trillion original Z$. In late 2009, the government abandoned printing Zimbabwean dollars and now relies on the inflationary United States Dollar for more stable monetary reference.