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This week, Sam and Trevor start off by answering a listener question about one of last episode’s cases: United States v. Kruse, No. 202500370, 2026 CCA LEXIS 13 (N-M Ct. Crim. App. Jan. 21, 2026). After a brief recap and debate, the two tackle United States v. Matti, No. 25-0148, 2026 CAAF LEXIS 189 (C.A.A.F. Feb. 17, 2026), a recent Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces (CAAF) decision on improper argument. Matti reveals the frustration of the CAAF judges, who appear tired of repeatedly dealing with the same improper arguments by Government counsel. To educate the field, the CAAF published an appendix to Matti, which un-exhaustively lists twenty-two improper arguments, and encouraged all military judges and counsel to read the appendix to protect against future errors. 

But a week after Matti, the Air Force Court of Criminal Appeals issued United States v. Kindred, No. ACM 40607 (f rev), 2026 CCA LEXIS 87 (A.F. Ct. Crim. App. Feb. 24, 2026). In this case, the Air Force Court seemingly disagreed with the CAAF’s determination that certain arguments were improper. Sam and Trevor discuss Kindred and how the Air Force Court got it right for at least one improper argument that implicated constitutional rights, but got it wrong for others.       

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