Music 271: 2/6/07 II: The establishment in the US of European Art Music at the top of a musical hierarchy: “The sacralization of European Art Music: (Crawford Ch. 15) A: Four Major developments between the end of the Civil War and the beginning of WWI: • Establishment of conservatories of music (Modeled after Central European schools) 1. Oberlin Conservatory (1865) 2. New England Conservatory, Cincinnati, Chicago Academy of Music (1867) 3. Peabody Conservatory (1868) 4. New York College of Music (1878) 5. National Conservatory of Music (1885) 6. Institute of Musical Art (1905) - merges into Julliard School of Music (1926) • Concert halls and theatres 1. 1857: Academy of Music, Philadelphia 2. 1878: Cincinnati’s Music Hall 3. 1882: The Metropolitan Opera House 4. 1889: Chicago’s Auditorium 5. 1891: Carnegie Hall 6. 1900: Symphony Hall in Boston • Formation of professional orchestras 1. 1881: Boston Symphony Orchestra 2. 1891: Chicago Symphony Orchestra 3. 1895: Cincinnati Symphony 4. 1900: Philadelphia Orchestra 5. 1918: Cleveland Symphony 6. 1923: New York Philharmonic • Academic programs of music B: The role of John Sullivan Dwight of Boston: Dwight’s Journal of Music: