2PP Papers

A technical breakdown of an etch-free photon-pair source built by 2PP-printing a polymer strip on periodically poled thin-film lithium niobate, including waveguide design, type-II SPDC performance, and erasing and reprinting the waveguide on the same substrate. Correction to the narration: the paper reports its highest CAR of about 404 at 0.5 mW and a 200.73 kHz pair-generation rate; 4.357 MHz is the maximum measured rate at the highest tested pump power.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.596879

A technical breakdown of two-photon grayscale lithography for silica-glass microstructures, covering the BBK-initiated POSS resist, four-step parameter calibration, up to sevenfold throughput, high-Q mechanics, and optical surfaces below 3 nm RMS roughness.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.77318

A technical breakdown of Scaffold-Architected Lift-Off (SALO): using 2PP-printed sacrificial masks and ultrasonic cavitation to pattern conformal metals and ALD thin films across complex 3D surfaces, including nanoscale features, sloped nanowires, and fiber-tip gratings.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75538-z

A technical breakdown of two arXiv papers submitted seconds apart on light-propelled microparticles: how 2PP particle geometry, refractive-index profiles, and transparent polymer shapes can turn a broad light beam into lateral motion for fuel-free microrobots and active matter experiments.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2604.14917

A technical breakdown of 3D-nanoprinted embryo microinjection needles with anti-clogging features, focusing on needle geometry, clog resistance, hydraulic performance, and practical embryo injection workflows.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-025-01005-2

A technical breakdown of a Nature paper on two-step 2PP fabrication of an optical-fibre microgripper, combining rigid SZ2080 microclaws with a silver-nanoparticle-doped thermoresponsive hydrogel muscle for fast, forceful, fibre-tip micromanipulation.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10673-7

A technical breakdown of a Materials Horizons paper on reversible digital mechanics: flexural mechanical integrated circuits, bistable memory, AND logic, impedance matching, energy flow, and microscale fabrication paths for powerless mechanical computing.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d5mh00509d

A technical breakdown of a Nature Communications paper on 3D RGB achromatic metalenses for near-eye VR displays, covering differentiable library-based inverse design, two-photon-lithography meta-atoms, nanoimprint scalability, and OLED-panel integration.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-73103-2

A technical breakdown of additively manufactured polymer compound refractive lenses for hard X-ray focusing, comparing projection micro-stereolithography and 2PP fabrication, at-wavelength metrology, and a 65-element CRL array demonstrated at 15 keV.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13040341

A technical breakdown of 2PP-printed multi-tiered microDicer blade arrays for protein-preserving tissue microdissection, comparing mechanical microdissection against LCM for spatial proteomics at 10-20 micrometer resolution.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.64898/2025.12.12.694048