LHIM Classes

4. New Testament Manuscripts and Textual Criticism

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Tower Analogy

  • Bible as foundation; manuscripts (mss.) copied by hand, with errors.

  • Compare mss. for original readings; critical text in Greek.

  • Focus: NT (OT next).

    History of NT Texts

    • Byzantine texts: Majority (90% of mss.), used in East.

    • Latin Vulgate (Jerome, 382 AD): Based on Byzantine.

    • Renaissance: Return to originals; Valla exposed forgeries.

    • Reformation: Erasmus’s Greek NT (1516) – Textus Receptus.

    • 18th-19th c.: Bentley– critical editions.

    • Discoveries: Codex Sinaiticus (1844), over 5,800 mss. now.

      Textual Criticism

      • Compare variants; rules: Older mss. better, shorter/difficult readings preferred.

      • Tools: TCGNT, NET Bible, AI for variants.

        Examples of Variants

        • 1 John 5:7: Trinity comma – late addition.

          Conclusion : 29 editions of Greek NT; exciting time.

          The post 4. New Testament Manuscripts and Textual Criticism first appeared on Living Hope.
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