4000 Essential English Words

Episode 8: politics, word, lamp, reproduction, individual, box, purchase, roar, skip, dream.

1. politics (n.)

○ 中文释义: 政治

○ 英文释义: the set of activities associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations between individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status

2. word (n.)

○ 中文释义: 单词 or 话

○ 英文释义: a single distinct meaningful element of speech or writing, used with others to form a sentence

3. lamp (n.)

○ 中文释义: 灯

○ 英文释义: a device for giving light, either one that is electric or one that burns gas or oil

4. reproduction (n.)

○ 中文释义: 繁殖 or 生育; 复制品

○ 英文释义: the process of producing babies, young animals, or new plants; the making of a copy of something, like a painting or a piece of furniture

5. individual (adj. / n.)

○ 中文释义: (adj.) 个别的, (n.) 个人

○ 英文释义: (adj.) single or separate, existing as just one member of a larger group; (n.) a single person or thing, especially when compared with a group

6. box (n. / v.)

○ 中文释义: 盒子

○ 英文释义: (n.) a container with a flat base and sides, typically square or rectangular and having a lid; (v.) to "box" something means to put it into a box

7. purchase (v. / n.)

○ 中文释义: 购买

○ 英文释义: (v.) to buy something; (n.) the act of buying something, or an item that you have bought

8. roar (v. / n.)

○ 中文释义: 咆哮

○ 英文释义: (v.) to make a long, loud, deep sound, like a lion; (n.) that sound

9. skip (v.)

○ 中文释义: 蹦蹦跳跳地走; 跳过 or 不做

○ 英文释义: to move along lightly, stepping from one foot to the other with a little hop; to not do or not have something that you would usually do or have

10. dream (n. / v.)

○ 中文释义: 梦

○ 英文释义: (n.) a series of thoughts, images, and sensations occurring in a person's mind during sleep; (n.) a cherished ambition or ideal

Episode 7: particularly, spacecraft, reference, frequent, nursery, equal, instrumental, thirsty, pet, and waterfall.

1.**particularly (adv.)**

中文释义: 尤其, 特别地

英文释义: to emphasize that something is true for one specific person, thing, or situation more than for others

1.**spacecraft (n.)**

中文释义: 航天器 or 宇宙飞船

英文释义: a vehicle designed to travel in space

1.**reference (n.)**

中文释义: 提及, 参考

英文释义: the act of mentioning someone or something, or a source of information like a book or paper

1.**frequent (adj. / v.)**

中文释义: (adj.) 频繁的, 经常的

英文释义: (adj.) happening or doing something often; (v., fre-QUENT) to visit a place often

1.**nursery (n.)**

中文释义: 托儿所 (for kids), or 苗圃 (for plants)

英文释义: a place where young children are cared for while their parents are away, or a place where young plants and trees are grown

1.**equal (adj. / v.)**

中文释义: (adj.) 相等的, 平等的

英文释义: (adj.) being the same in quantity, size, degree, or value; (v.) to be the same as something

1.**instrumental (adj.)**

中文释义: 起关键作用的

英文释义: (If someone or something is instrumental) very important in making something happen

1.**thirsty (adj.)**

中文释义: 口渴的

英文释义: feeling a need to drink something; (metaphorically) have a strong desire for something

1.**pet (n. / v.)**

中文释义: 宠物

英文释义: (n.) a domestic or tamed animal kept for companionship or pleasure; (v.) to stroke or pat an animal

1.**waterfall (n.)**

中文释义: 瀑布

英文释义: a cascade of water falling from a height, formed when a river or stream flows over a cliff or steep incline

Episode 6: call, sort, hardship, gentleman, obligation, keep, federal, freshly, tend, and door

call (v. / n.)

中文释义: 呼叫 或 打电话

英文释义: (v.) to telephone someone, or to shout to get someone's attention; (v.) to name something or someone; (n.) a decision, often a difficult one

sort (v. / n.)

中文释义: (v.) 分类; (n.) 种类

英文释义: (v.) to arrange things systematically in groups; (n.) a type or kind of something

hardship (n.)

中文释义: 困难 或 艰辛

英文释义: severe suffering or difficulty

gentleman (n.)

中文释义: 绅士

英文释义: a polite and honorable man; a man who is courteous and chivalrous

obligation (n.)

中文释义: 义务 或 责任

英文释义: a duty or commitment, something you must do

keep (v.)

中文释义: 保持 或 保留

英文释义: to continue to have something

federal (adj.)

中文释义: 联邦的

英文释义: relating to a system of government where states form a unity but remain independent in internal affairs; refers to the central government

freshly (adv.)

中文释义: 新鲜地

英文释义: recently or newly

tend (v.)

中文释义: 倾向于; 照顾

英文释义: to regularly behave in a particular way or have a certain characteristic; to care for or look after something

door (n.)

中文释义: 门

英文释义: the physical barrier you walk through to enter or exit a room or building; (metaphorically) an opportunity

Episode 5: guest, subjective, murder, stability, nod, mood, editor, set, sentence, and season.

1. guest (n.)

○ 中文释义: 客人 或 来宾

○ 英文释义: a person who is invited to visit someone's home or to a special event

2. subjective (adj.)

○ 中文释义: 主观的

○ 英文释义: based on personal opinions and feelings rather than on facts

3. murder (n. / v.)

○ 中文释义: 谋杀

○ 英文释义: (n.) the crime of intentionally killing a person

4. stability (n.)

○ 中文释义: 稳定 或 稳定性

○ 英文释义: the state of being firm, not likely to move or change

5. nod (v. / n.)

○ 中文释义: 点头

○ 英文释义: (v.) to move your head up and down, usually to show agreement, understanding, or as a greeting

6. mood (n.)

○ 中文释义: 心情 或 情绪

○ 英文释义: the way you are feeling at a particular time

7. editor (n.)

○ 中文释义: 编辑

○ 英文释义: a person who corrects or changes pieces of text or films before they are published or shown

8. set (n. / v.)

○ 中文释义: (n.) 一套

○ 英文释义: (n.) a group of similar things that belong together; (v.) to put something in a particular place; (v.) to establish something

9. sentence (n.)

○ 中文释义: 句子/ 判决

○ 英文释义: a group of words that expresses a complete thought, usually containing a subject and a verb; the punishment given by a court to a criminal

10. season (n. / v.)

○ 中文释义: 季节

英文释义: (n.) one of the four periods of the year: spring, summer, autumn, or winter; (n.) a set of episodes of a television or radio program; (v.) to add salt, pepper, or other spices to it

Episode 4: verb, mouth, output, elevator, provided, electrical, animal, tolerate, magnificent, and robe

1.**ideal (adj. / n.)**   

• 中文释义: 理想的

• 英文释义: (adj.) the best that it can possibly be; (n.) a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard

• 例句:

• "This beach is an ideal spot for a picnic."

• "The political party is based on the ideals of equality and justice."

• "We are searching for an ideal candidate to fill the position."

1.**reservation (n.)**   

• 中文释义: 预定

• 英文释义: an arrangement in which a seat, a table, or a room is booked for you; (plural) feelings of doubt or uncertainty about something

• 例句:

• "I have a dinner reservation at my favorite restaurant tonight."

• "I wanted to support his plan, but I have some reservations about the cost."

• "Did you remember to make a hotel reservation for our trip to London?"

• "The board approved the merger, but some members expressed serious reservations."

1.**frown (v. / n.)**   

• 中文释义: 皱眉

• 英文释义: (v.) to move your eyebrows together to show that you are thinking, worried, or angry

• 例句:

• "She frowned when I told her the bad news."

• "He looked at the broken vase with a deep frown on his face."

• "The teacher frowned at the student who was talking during the test."

• "My parents frown upon wasting food."

1.**project (n. / v.)**   

• 中文释义: (n.) 项目; (v.) 投射，预测

• 英文释义: (n. 'PRO-ject') a planned piece of work that has a specific purpose; (v. 'pro-JECT') to forecast or estimate something for the future based on present trends , or it can mean to cause an image to appear on a screen

• 例句:

• "Our team is working on a new marketing project."

• "The company projects a twenty percent increase in sales next year."

• "He used a laptop to project the images onto the wall."

• "Completing this construction project will take at least six months."

1.**whistle (v. / n.)**   

• 中文释义: (v.) 吹口哨; (n.) 哨声

• 英文释义: (v.) to make a high-pitched sound by blowing air through your lips; (n.) the sound itself

• 例句:

• "The referee blew his whistle to end the game."

• "He was whistling a cheerful tune as he walked down the street."

• "The wind whistled through the trees during the storm."

1.**roof (n.)**   

• 中文释义: 屋顶

• 英文释义: the structure that covers the top of a building

• 例句:

• "The storm damaged the roof of our house."

• "My dad will hit the roof when he sees the scratch on his car."

• "The cat likes to sleep on the warm roof in the afternoon."

1.**afterwards (adv.)**   

• 中文释义: 之后

• 英文释义: at a later time, after something else has happened

• 例句:

• "We had dinner first, and afterwards, we went to the movies."

• "He finished his homework and went to bed afterwards."

• "Let's go for a run now, and we can get coffee afterwards."

1.**claim (v. / n.)**   

• 中文释义: 声称，索取

• 英文释义: (v.) to say that something is true, even though it has not been proved; (n.) the statement itself; (v.) to demand or request something because you believe you have a right to it

• 例句:

• "He claims he can speak ten languages."

• "You can claim the cost of the trip back on expenses."

• "The company claims that its product can make you lose weight in a week."

• "His claim to be the heir to the fortune was not believed."

1.**foot (n.)**   

• 中文释义: 脚 and 英尺

• 英文释义: the part of your body at the end of your leg ; a unit of measurement equal to twelve inches

• 例句:

• "The shelf is about three feet long."

• "Since the store is so close, let's just go on foot."

• "My foot hurts because my shoes are too tight."

1.**likely (adj. / adv.)**   

• 中文释义: 很可能的

• 英文释义: (adj. or adv.) probably or expected to happen

• 例句:

• "It's likely to rain soon."

• "It is likely that he will win the election."

• "He is likely to win the election."

• "The new policy will most likely be announced next week."

• "If you don't study for the test, you are not likely to get a good grade."

Episode 3: ideal, reservation, frown, project, whistle, roof, afterwards, claim, foot, likely

1. ideal (adj. / n.)

○ 中文释义: 理想的

○ 英文释义: (adj.) the best that it can possibly be; (n.) a principle or a way of behaving that is of a very high standard

○ 例句:

§ "This beach is an ideal spot for a picnic."

§ "The political party is based on the ideals of equality and justice."

§ "We are searching for an ideal candidate to fill the position."

2. reservation (n.)

○ 中文释义: 预定

○ 英文释义: an arrangement in which a seat, a table, or a room is booked for you; (plural) feelings of doubt or uncertainty about something

○ 例句:

§ "I have a dinner reservation at my favorite restaurant tonight."

§ "I wanted to support his plan, but I have some reservations about the cost."

§ "Did you remember to make a hotel reservation for our trip to London?"

§ "The board approved the merger, but some members expressed serious reservations."

3. frown (v. / n.)

○ 中文释义: 皱眉

○ 英文释义: (v.) to move your eyebrows together to show that you are thinking, worried, or angry

○ 例句:

§ "She frowned when I told her the bad news."

§ "He looked at the broken vase with a deep frown on his face."

§ "The teacher frowned at the student who was talking during the test."

§ "My parents frown upon wasting food."

4. project (n. / v.)

○ 中文释义: (n.) 项目; (v.) 投射，预测

○ 英文释义: (n. 'PRO-ject') a planned piece of work that has a specific purpose; (v. 'pro-JECT') to forecast or estimate something for the future based on present trends; to cause an image to appear on a screen

○ 例句:

§ "Our team is working on a new marketing project."

§ "The company projects a twenty percent increase in sales next year."

§ "He used a laptop to project the images onto the wall."

§ "Completing this construction project will take at least six months."

5. whistle (v. / n.)

○ 中文释义: (v.) 吹口哨; (n.) 哨声

○ 英文释义: (v.) to make a high-pitched sound by blowing air through your lips; (n.) the sound itself

○ 例句:

§ "The referee blew his whistle to end the game."

§ "He was whistling a cheerful tune as he walked down the street."

§ "The wind whistled through the trees during the storm."

6. roof (n.)

○ 中文释义: 屋顶

○ 英文释义: the structure that covers the top of a building

○ 例句:

§ "The storm damaged the roof of our house."

§ "My dad will hit the roof when he sees the scratch on his car."

§ "The cat likes to sleep on the warm roof in the afternoon."

7. afterwards (adv.)

○ 中文释义: 之后

○ 英文释义: at a later time, after something else has happened

○ 例句:

§ "We had dinner first, and afterwards, we went to the movies."

§ "He finished his homework and went to bed afterwards."

§ "Let's go for a run now, and we can get coffee afterwards."

8. claim (v. / n.)

○ 中文释义: 声称，索取

○ 英文释义: (v.) to say that something is true, even though it has not been proved; (n.) the statement itself; (v.) to demand or request something because you believe you have a right to it

○ 例句:

§ "He claims he can speak ten languages."

§ "You can claim the cost of the trip back on expenses."

§ "The company claims that its product can make you lose weight in a week."

§ "His claim to be the heir to the fortune was not believed."

9. foot (n.)

○ 中文释义: 脚 and 英尺

○ 英文释义: the part of your body at the end of your leg; a unit of measurement equal to twelve inches

○ 例句:

§ "The shelf is about three feet long."

§ "Since the store is so close, let's just go on foot."

§ "My foot hurts because my shoes are too tight."

10. likely (adj. / adv.)

○ 中文释义: 很可能的

○ 英文释义: (adj. or adv.) probably or expected to happen

○ 例句:

§ "It's likely to rain soon."

§ "It is likely that he will win the election."

§ "He is likely to win the election."

§ "The new policy will most likely be announced next week."

§ "If you don't study for the test, you are not likely to get a good grade."

Episode 2: gracious, last, proportion, steam, private, analyse, original, hi, domestic, bend

1. gracious (adj.)

○ 中文释义: 亲切的，和蔼的

○ 英文释义: (describes a person or their behavior) very polite, kind, and pleasant, especially to people of a lower social status

○ 例句:

§ "She was a gracious hostess."

§ "He was gracious enough to thank everyone on his team personally."

§ "They lived a gracious lifestyle in a beautiful country home."

2. last (adj., adv., v.)

○ 中文释义: (作为动词) 持续，维持

○ 英文释义: (adj.) coming after all others in time or order; (v.) to continue for a particular period of time

○ 例句:

§ "This is the last cookie in the jar."

§ "How long will the movie last?"

§ "The battery on my phone doesn't last very long."

§ "I saw him last week."

§ "The good weather didn't last."

3. proportion (n.)

○ 中文释义: 部分，比例

○ 英文释义: a part or share of a whole

○ 例句:

§ "I ate a large proportion of the pie."

§ "A large proportion of the city's budget is spent on education."

§ "The proportion of men to women in the nursing profession is changing."

4. steam (n. / v.)

○ 中文释义: 蒸汽

○ 英文释义: (n.) the hot gas that is produced when water boils; (v.) to cook it with steam

○ 例句:

§ "I like to steam vegetables because it's a healthy way to cook."

§ "After a stressful week at work, he went for a long run to let off steam."

§ "Steam rose from the hot springs."

5. private (adj.)

○ 中文释义: 私人的，私有的

○ 英文释义: for the use of a single person or group, not for the general public

○ 例句:

§ "This is private property, no trespassing."

§ "She had a private meeting with her boss."

§ "You should keep your password private."

6. analyse (v.)

○ 中文释义: 分析

○ 英文释义: to examine it in detail in order to understand it

○ 例句:

§ "Scientists must analyse the data from their experiments."

§ "We need to analyse the reasons for our failure to learn from our mistakes."

§ "I need to analyse my spending habits to save more money."

7. original (adj.)

○ 中文释义: 最初的，原始的

○ 英文释义: The first or earliest form of something; fresh and not copied from others

○ 例句:

§ "The original painting is in a museum in Paris, but you can buy a copy."

§ "She had a very original idea for the project."

8. hi (greeting)

○ 中文释义: 嗨，你好

○ 英文释义: a simple, friendly greeting

○ 例句:

§ "Hi, Emma!"

§ "Hi, Frank!"

9. domestic (adj.)

○ 中文释义: (关于家庭生活) 家庭的; (关于国家) 国内的

○ 英文释义: relates to a person's own country, or to the home, house, or family

○ 例句:

§ "The company wants to expand from the domestic market into the international market."

§ "He was not very interested in domestic matters."

10. bend (v.)

○ 中文释义: 弯曲

○ 英文释义: to shape or force something straight into a curve or angle; to move the top part of your body downwards and forwards

○ 例句:

§ "He bent down to tie his shoelace."

§ "We had to bend the rules a little to get the project finished on time."

中译英练习 (Translation Challenge)

练习 1:

• 中文句子: 为了分析最初的蒸汽动力设计，我们不得不稍微变通一下规则

• 翻译 1: "In order to analyse the original steam-powered design, we had to bend the rules a little."

• 翻译 2: "We had to bend the rules slightly to analyse the original design that used steam power."

练习 2:

• 中文句子: 一位和蔼可亲的女士告诉我，这家私人诊所的大部分国内业务将持续到明年年底

• 翻译 1: "A gracious lady told me that a large proportion of this private clinic's domestic business will last until the end of next year."

• 翻译 2: "I was informed by a gracious woman that the majority proportion of this private clinic's domestic operations is expected to last through the end of next year."

练习 3:

• 中文句子: 嗨，你能弯腰捡一下那张原始收据吗？

• 翻译 1: "Hi, can you bend down and pick up that original receipt?"

• 翻译 2: "Hi, could you bend over and get the original receipt?"

Episode 1: abandon, somewhat, man, indoor, anxiety, defence, version, prompt, pool, plan, and conclusion.

1. abandon (v.)

○ 中文释义: 放弃 或 抛弃

○ 英文释义: to leave a place, thing, or person, usually forever

○ 例句:

§ "We had to abandon our plan for a picnic because of the rain."

§ "The old house was abandoned years ago."

2. somewhat (adv.)

○ 中文释义: 有点 或 稍微

○ 英文释义: ‘to some degree’ or ‘a little’

○ 例句:

§ "I was somewhat surprised to see him there."

§ "The test was somewhat more difficult than we expected."

3. man (v.)

○ 中文释义: 派人驻守 或 操作

○ 英文释义: to staff or operate a place or a piece of equipment

○ 例句:

§ "We need someone to man the phones while the receptionist is at lunch."

§ "All hands on deck, we need to man the lifeboats!"

4. indoor (adj.)

○ 中文释义: 室内的

○ 英文释义: something that is situated, done, or used inside a building

○ 例句:

§ (来自节目对话) "We need to get everyone together for an indoor brainstorming session this afternoon."

5. anxiety (n.)

○ 中文释义: 焦虑

○ 英文释义: a feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, typically about an imminent event or something with an uncertain outcome

○ 例句:

§ "He felt a great deal of anxiety about his final exams."

§ "Breathing exercises can help reduce anxiety."

6. defence (n.)

○ 中文释义: 防御

○ 英文释义:

§ protection or resistance against attack (注: 英式拼写 d-e-f-e-n-c-e, 美式拼写 d-e-f-e-n-s-e)

§ what is said or written in support of something or someone that has been criticized

○ 例句:

§ "He wrote a long letter in defence of his actions."

§ "What do you have to say in your defence?"

7. version (n.)

○ 中文释义: 版本

○ 英文释义:

§ A particular form of something differing in certain respects from an earlier form or other forms of the same type of thing

§ a person's account of something

○ 例句:

§ "His version of the story was very different from hers."

8. prompt (adj. / v.)

○ 中文释义 (adj.): 迅速的

○ 英文释义 (adj.): done without delay; immediate

○ 中文释义 (v.): 促使

○ 英文释义 (v.): to cause or bring about an action or feeling

○ 例句:

§ (adj.) "She is always prompt in replying to my emails."

§ (v.) "His question prompted a long discussion."

9. pool (v.)

○ 中文释义: 汇集

○ 英文释义: to collect money, information, or resources from different people or places so they can be used by the group

○ 例句:

§ "Let's pool our ideas and see if we can solve this problem."

10. plan (n. / v.)

○ 中文释义: 计划

○ 英文释义: (n.) a detailed proposal for doing or achieving something; (v.) the action of making that proposal

○ 例句:

§ "What’s your plan for the weekend?"

§ "We need to plan our vacation carefully."

§ "The original plan was to travel by train, but we decided to drive instead."

11. conclusion (n.)

○ 中文释义: 结论

○ 英文释义:

§ the end or finish of an event or process

§ a judgement or decision reached by reasoning

○ 例句:

§ "So, what’s the conclusion here?"

§ "The data led them to an interesting conclusion."

§ "Don't jump to conclusions!"

中译英练习 (Translation Challenge)

练习 1:

• 中文句子: 尽管项目初期他感到非常焦虑, 但他最终没有放弃, 而是得出了一个令人信服的结论

• 翻译 1: "Although he felt a lot of anxiety at the beginning of the project, he didn't abandon it and reached a convincing conclusion in the end."

• 翻译 2: "Despite his initial anxiety about the project, he ultimately didn't abandon it, instead drawing a convincing conclusion."

练习 2:

• 中文句子: 为了给这次室内活动提供有力的防御, 他的老板要求他立即派人守住入口

• 翻译 1: "To provide a strong defence for the indoor event, his boss asked him to promptly man the entrance."

• 翻译 2: "His boss demanded that he man the entrance immediately, in defence of the indoor event."

练习 3:

• 中文句子: 我们最好把资源汇集起来, 因为这个新版本的计划看起来有些复杂

• 翻译 1: "We should pool our resources because this new version of the plan seems somewhat complicated."

• 翻译 2: "It would be best if we pool our resources, as this new version of the plan looks somewhat complex."