This review article examines how the gut microbiome serves as a critical, adjustable factor in the success of solid-organ and stem-cell transplantations. Recipients often suffer from gut dysbiosis, characterized by a loss of beneficial bacteria and an increase in drug-resistant pathogens, which correlates with higher risks of organ rejection and mortality. The research highlights pharmacomicrobiomics, revealing that certain bacteria can activate or deactivate immunosuppressive medications, directly affecting treatment safety and efficacy. To combat these complications, the authors explore microbiome-targeted interventions such as specialized diets, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. Ultimately, the text advocates for integrating microbiome monitoring into clinical practice to achieve more personalized and successful long-term outcomes for transplant patients.

References:

• Swarte J C, Zhang S, Bakker S J L, et al. The gut microbiome in solid-organ and haematopoietic-stem-cell transplantation[J]. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2026: 1-17.