Researchers have identified a genetic variant called rs112233623-T that appears to provide natural protection against malaria by reducing the expression of the cyclin D3 protein. This specific mutation, which is unusually prevalent in the Sardinian population, alters how red blood cells develop, resulting in cells that are fewer in number and larger in size. These modified blood cells contain higher levels of reactive oxygen species, creating an internal environment that hinders the growth of the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. Because Sardinia was historically a region with high malaria transmission, scientists believe this trait was favored by natural selection to help inhabitants survive the disease. The discovery of this biological pathway is significant because it suggests that existing cancer medications targeting similar cell-cycle proteins could potentially be adapted for malaria treatment.

References:

• https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00289-2