This research describes the development of therapeutic living glues (TL-glues) designed to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using genetically modified E. coli. These bacteria feature a sophisticated blood-sensing module that triggers the secretion of barnacle-derived adhesive proteins and healing factors only when gastrointestinal bleeding is detected. By mimicking the natural adhesion of barnacles, the engineered microbes can firmly attach to inflamed intestinal walls for up to ten days, providing a localized and sustained medicinal effect. Experimental results in mouse models demonstrate that this system effectively repairs the mucosal barrier, reduces internal bleeding, and alleviates overall inflammation. This innovative approach overcomes the common challenge of rapid bacterial clearance from the gut, offering a self-regulating platform for long-term disease management. The study highlights the potential of engineered living materials to provide autonomous, pathology-responsive treatments for complex chronic conditions.

References:

• Ge C, Jiang S, Dong X, et al. Engineered living glues secrete therapeutic proteins for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease[J]. Nature Biotechnology, 2026: 1-11.