In his lecture “Borders: Citizenship in California,” Jason Sexton, visiting research scholar at the California Center for Sustainable Communities at UCLA’s Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, surveys California’s—and LA’s—history of shifting borders and invasive violence, and asks what belonging and citizenship mean in such a place.

In response, Andrea Smith, professor of ethnic studies at UC Riverside, discusses indigenous sovereignty and our responsibility to the land, while drawing lessons from the Old Testament.