This research examines how proactive job design allows employees to increase their own work engagement through two primary methods: expansive job crafting and idiosyncratic deals (i-deals). The research highlights that these two strategies function through different psychological filters, as psychological safety is the essential driver for job crafting while organizational justice is the foundation for successful i-deal negotiations. To support these behaviors, the research suggests that companies move away from rigid, top-down roles and instead invest in manager training, transparent fairness protocols, and flexible job architectures. By fostering an environment of trust and equity, organizations can empower staff to co-create their roles, leading to better retention and higher performance. Ultimately, the synthesis provides a research-backed framework for HR leaders to move toward a model of shared responsibility in the modern workplace.

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