From 16031854, Japan was a closed country. No one could leave the country, and foreigners were limited to a small port near Hiroshima. So when the American naval officer Matthew C. Perry forced Japan to open to trade and diplomacy with the outside world, the country was two hundred years behind the rest of the world economically, technologically, and militarily. Over the next forty to fifty years, however, Japan transformed itself from a feudal society governed by an outdated warrior class to a regional power.In 1896, the Japanese defeated China in the First SinoJapanese War over influence in Korea. Japan also won the island of Taiwan and several other concessions in Chinese cities, which essentially put the Japanese in control of small parts of China. However, Japan was not alone in this: by 1900, China was a weak, corrupt and divided power, and along with the English, French, Germans, Russians, and Americans, all had areas of China that were, if not under their direct control, were heavily influenced by them.In 19041905, Japan won a stunning victory over the Russian Empire. This war, too, was over influence in Korea, which also bordered Russia. With this victory, Japan gained control of Korea and took over Russian interests in northern China.In the 1920s and 30s, many internal and external factors led to the Japanese military's increased power over its civilian government. Moreover, by the second half of the 1930s, the Japanese military government had established almost total control over the government, the economy, and Japanese society. Added to that was the idea that the Japanese culture and people were superior to all others, especially to China and the Chinese, with which Japan had a lovehate relationship for centuries.In 1931, the Japanese army provoked an “incident” in Manchuria, today a part of China, but then a sort of an autonomous territory governed by Chinese military “warlords.” This was what we now call a “false flag” operation which ostensibly gave the Japanese an excuse to invade and take over resourcerich Manchuria.#nanking #ww2 #history #nankingjapan #japanww2 #japanhistory #g2aDISCLAIMER: All materials in these videos are used for entertainment purposes and fall within the guidelines of fair use. No copyright infringement intended. If you are, or represent, the copyright owner of materials used in this video, and have an issue with the use of said material, please send an email to [email protected] © 2021 A Day In History. All rights reserved.Managed by PodcastPayouts.com

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Many people today remember the Ottoman Empire as the „Sick Man of Europe”, an epithet the collapsing empire earned during the 19th and early parts of the 20th century. The description was no doubt correct during the period it was invented, however, it is also misleading, as throughout most of its existence, the Ottomans were a formidable power, whose strength was feared in Europe and the Middle East. The strength of the Ottoman Empire was built on multiple pillars, and each of these was able to strike fear into the hearts of the enemies of the Sultan. Stick around to find out what these pillars were, and please like and subscribe to the channel to see more videos like this. Ottoman fratricide Medieval and early modern Europe was mostly ruled by dynastic states. In this regard, the Christian Habsburg Empire differed little from the Ottoman Empire. A great difference between the Habsburgs and the Ottomans, however, was the method of succession. Throughout most of Christian Europe, the eldest son of a ruler stood to inherit his position and the power that came with it. When the eldest son predeceased the ruler, it could be the male descendants of the eldest son( if there were any), the other sons( if there were), brothers or even uncles of the ruler who could claim the throne.Successions were often messy and contested, but generally, there was a clear candidate whose claim was backed by the laws of the country.  Ottoman successions differed greatly from the successions of Christian Europe. Succeeding the Sultan in the female line was inhibited, but other than this rule, there seemingly were no other rules. All the sons of the Sultan were potential heirs, and even the youngest could ascend the throne, provided he was able to defeat his brothers.The lack of clear rules leads to many succession crises in the Ottoman Empire. The sons of Bayazid I fought each other for 11 years( 14021413) after their father died, while the early reign of Bayazid’s grandson, Murad II, was also plagued by civil war when he had to fight his uncle and his younger brother to solidify his grip on power.#history #ottomanempire #ottoman#historydocumentary #ottomansDISCLAIMER: All materials in these videos are used for entertainment purposes and fall within the guidelines of fair use. No copyright infringement intended. If you are, or represent, the copyright owner of materials used in this video, and have an issue with the use of said material, please send an email to [email protected]Managed by PodcastPayouts.com

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The Jewish people have often been the target of persecution. There are several reasons for this, thoughmany of them do not make sense when looked at rationally. Later in this video, we will tell you howirrational fears and the misreading of history contributed to the hatred of the Jews, known as "antiSemitism." Before we do that, we'll tell you about two times the Jews were persecuted for moreunderstandable reasons. Their slavery in Egypt and the "Babylonian Captivity," took place many yearsbefore the existence of the Roman Empire.This video may contain disturbing or offensive content. Viewer discretion is advised. The creatorsof this video do not condone the actions of the subjects featured.EGYPT AND BABYLONIn the book of Exodus in the Old Testament, the Jews were slaves of Egypt. Egypt had conquered theIsraelites. At the time and throughout history, people at war took one another as slaves. Jews were nothated simply for being Jews – they had lost a war. Though historians are unsure of the dates of theirslavery's beginning and end, many people believe it happened during the time of Pharaohs Seti I andhis son Ramses II of Egypt. This would mean that the events surrounding the Israelite's slavery andtheir deliverance as described in the Bible happened around 13001250 BC.Five or six hundred years later, the Jewish kingdom of Judah found itself a tributary state of Babylon,which lay in most of presentday Iraq. Unfortunately for the Jews, their king had decided that he wouldno longer pay tribute to the Babylonian king, Nebuchadnezzar II. Bad idea. Nebuchadnezzar and theJews fought two wars, which ended in "The Babylonian Captivity ."In other words, many, if not most,Jews found themselves exiled and taken as slaves to Babylon. This ended 70 years later when thePersians defeated Babylon, and their ruler, Cyrus the Great, allowed the Jews to go home. Like theirancestors in Egypt, the Jews of the Babylonian Exile ,“had been enslaved”.ROME and the origins of antiSemitismIn the New Testament and other documents, such as the writings of the RomanJewish historianJosephus, we're told that the influential Jewish religious leaders, the Pharisees, were concerned thatJesus might cause disorder or even cause their overthrow. Because the death penalty was forbidden,they took their case to the Roman governor, Pontius Pilate. As a result, Jesus was executed by theRomans, for he announced himself the "King of the Jews." Pilate believed Jesus was putting himselfahead of Caesar, a big nono to the Romans, and ordered his death. But there was a "catch" that hashaunted the Jewish people in Europe ever since. Because these events took place during the Jewishholiday of Passover, Pilate offered the Jewish crowd gathered by the Pharisees a choice. Should he killJesus or the antiRoman killer named Barabbas?#history #jewspersecution #jewishhistory #jewsDISCLAIMER: All materials in these videos are used for entertainment purposes and fall within the guidelines of fair use. No copyright infringement intended. If you are, or represent, the copyright owner of materials used in this video, and have an issue with the use of said material, please send an email to [email protected] Managed by PodcastPayouts.com

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In the year 395, the Roman Empire split into two parts: the Western Roman Empire, which included Rome, and the Eastern Roman Empire, sometimes called “The Byzantine Empire” after its capitol at Byzantium, and which became Constantinople during the reign of Emperor Constantine. The split of the most powerful empire in Western history happened for a number of reasons. One, it would be easier to administer a smaller area, considering the means of communication at the time. Two, the borders of the empire were threatened by many hostile people and it was believed that dividing command and control would make defending the empire easier. Three, it was believed that having two equal emperors would lessen the number of power struggles that had been taking place within the Roman Empire for decades. One thing didn't change with the division of the empire, however – the use of torture and bizarre punishments to keep the people and rivals in line.Another Byzantine favorite was "rhinotomy"the removal of the nose. If you've seen the movie "The Northman" (2022), you know that you can live without a nose. But, you couldn't be a Byzantine emperor, for laws forbade the most powerful and exalted figure in the land from being a person who had been disfigured. Political enemies at the highest levels would sometimes cut off the nose of rivals if they had the opportunity to prevent them from taking the throne. Emperors overthrown and not killed outright often had their noses cut off. Even with a leather or cloth mask to prevent foreign bodies from entering the space where the nose used to be, everyone knew what lay underneath. Of course, laws are only as strong as the paper or parchment they're written on and there were exceptions. The emperor Justinian II was involved in a power struggle with two rivals, one of which who had replaced Justinian on the throne after having cut Justinian's nose off. Undaunted, Justinian covered his nose with a shield made from pure gold, and being powerful, retook the throne. Shortly thereafter, his two rivals,former emperors Leontios and Tiberius III, had their noses cut off before being killed. Justice belonged to Justinian in 705AD.By the way, Justinian's nickname was “Rhinometos,” or “slitnosed.” It seems that among the ruling classes, golden noses were a trend in the Eastern Roman Empire. The Byzantine general Tatikios, who led the armies of the empire on the First Crusade also had a golden nose.#byzantineempire #punishments #history #byzantinehistoryDISCLAIMER: All materials in these videos are used for entertainment purposes and fall within the guidelines of fair use. No copyright infringement intended. If you are, or represent, the copyright owner of materials used in this video, and have an issue with the use of said material, please send an email to [email protected] © 2021 A Day In History. All rights reserved. Managed by PodcastPayouts.com

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For about ten years between 871881, a revolt in today’s southern Iraq destabilized an entire empire. The death toll resulting from this revolt may have been as “low” as 100,000 and as high as a million and a half; historians are not exactly sure and might never be. Some people today believe that “The Zanj Rebellion” was a revolt of enslaved African people against their Arab masters in a bid for freedom, but the truth behind this brutal period is a bit more complicated.Like the other great religions of the world, Islam is divided into different sects. Many, but not all, of the differences involve the line of succession following the death of the Prophet Muhammad.The Abbasid Caliphate took its name from the uncle of the Prophet, Abbas ibn Abdul Muttalib (566653). The Abbasid Caliphate began in 750. However, over the next 100 years, it went from an empire that stretched from Arabia to modern Iraq to Spain, most of which had been conquered by Muslim armies by the late 700s. By the time of the Zanj Rebellion, the Abbasid Caliphate was still quite large but only a fraction of its former size. The caliphate ended in 1517, though it had taken a very confusing and winding path, both in territories and rulers, to get there.Revolt and rebellion were nothing new to the Abbasids, for the loss of its territory and its replacement by other dynasties or branches of the family of Muhammad were common. It ended in 1517, but it took various forms and moved from Arabia, to Iraq, to Egypt. Not all, but most of the rebellions that took place with the Abbasid period involved struggles for control, not for freedom. Which kind was the Zanj Rebellion. Depends on who you talk to, what you read or what you watch. #zanjrebellion #slavery #history #ottomanslavery #blackslavery Copyright © 2021 A Day In History. All rights reserved.DISCLAIMER: All materials in these videos are used for entertainment purposes and fall within the guidelines of fair use. No copyright infringement intended. If you are, or represent, the copyright owner of materials used in this video, and have an issue with the use of said material, please send an email to [email protected] Managed by PodcastPayouts.com

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“Our” pope, John XII, ruled over Western Christendom from 955963 some six hundred years afterPope Damasus. Damasus had been appointed by the Emperor Theodosius, but by the time of John XII,popes were elected by the people of Rome. Well, that's kind of misleading, for while the people of thecity did vote for the pope, the vast majority of those votes were bought by powerful families who eitherhad a son or other family member “running” for the position. Essentially, the position of pope went tothe highest bidder. What's more the candidates for the position were oftentimes not exactly “paragonsof virtue.” As a matter of fact, some of them, like John XII did not know or care much about religion atall. What many popes and their backers cared about was POWER, and in the Middle Ages, the popewas considered infallible. In other words, he could make no mistakes, at least as far as it concernedmost the people.Kings and emperors were another matter, and at many times in history, the popes were tools of thosewho held military power. The pope, however, held the balance, for winning the pope over to your sidewas costly. In return for his support, rulers often had to pay bribes, give up land and at least to somedegree, listen to what the pope “suggested”, for the pope had the ultimate weapon – excommunication.Being “excommunicated” meant that a person was no longer able to take part in Church rites. Thepractices, such as Holy Communion, confession, and attending Mass. Without these rites and practices,a person could NOT ever ascend to Heaven, and could not, at least in theory, associate with any Christian, and all of the Christians in Western Europe at the time were Catholic. The pope hadtremendous power.John XIIBefore he took his “papal name” of John, he was known as “Octavianus.” His father, the powerful rulerof Rome, Duke Alberic II, named him after the first Roman emperor, Octavian – also known asAugustus, for Alberic wanted his son to follow him not only as the political leader of Rome, but aspope. Alberic's family, the Tusculum clan, had ruled the area for decades. They were rich, powerful andrespected, and Alberic himself was wellloved. After his death in 954, the rich and powerful in Romemade certain that Octavianus was elected pope, and the 18 year old became one of the most powerfuland richest men in the world as “John XII.”#popejohnxii #history #vatican #pope #holyromanempireCopyright © 2021 A Day In History. All rights reserved.DISCLAIMER: All materials in these videos are used for entertainment purposes and fall within the guidelines of fair use. No copyright infringement intended. If you are, or represent, the copyright owner of materials used in this video, and have an issue with the use of said material, please send an email to [email protected] Managed by PodcastPayouts.com

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Serial killers. Nations become glued to their televisions or news feeds when just the suspicion of a serial killer roams in their midst. The term serial killer has only been used since the late 1800s, and the term was used to describe the infamous and still unknown “Jack the Ripper” of Victorian England. Imagine a time when none of that existed, and where the upper class did not only live better, more luxurious lives, in many places, and at many times, they could kill with impunity. The ancient serial killers we have more knowledge about are those in the very upper and/or ruling classes.Today in this video we shall uncover some of the most notorious serial killers of the medieval age, people like Liu Pengli, Gilles de Rais, Vlad the Impaler, etc.#serialkillers #history #medieval #weirdhistory Scriptwriter: Matthew GaskillVideo Editor & Motion Graphics: Naman MeeraVoiceover Artist: Stephen Lewis: stephenvox.comMusic: Motionarray.com Copyright © 2021 A Day In History. All rights reserved.DISCLAIMER: All materials in these videos are used for entertainment purposes and fall within the guidelines of fair use. No copyright infringement intended. If you are, or represent, the copyright owner of materials used in this video, and have an issue with the use of said material, please send an email to [email protected] by PodcastPayouts.com

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Hey, folks! Today we are going to dive into a disturbing topic that is rarely discussed and mostly left out of history books: Human Zoos. Most of you probably had no idea such a thing existed, and you cannot be blamed for it. It is certainly easier to forget than to remember and to face the shame of this abhorrent practice.One of the first people to host a human exhibition was a man called P.T. Barnum. Back on August 11th, 1835 in New York City, he displayed a woman, named Joyce Heth. He presented her as “the 161yearold woman” and claimed she was the former slave of Augustine Washington, George Washington’s father. She was said to have raised and taken care of the future president George Washington. None of these claims were true, but regardless, the exhibition was a huge success and attracted the attention of thousands of people.Thousands of people from Asia and Africa were put on ships and brought to Europe and the United States to be displayed in human zoos.Some of the people to be displayed were enslaved, while others were deceived with false promises to board the ships. Needless to say, those promises were underdelivered or were a complete scam.Once they came to the New World, what awaited them was a recreation of their ‘natural environment’, in which they were made to display their customs and way of life.The poor living and weather conditions made many of them sick and weak. If one of them died, the body was buried in the zoo’s garden, without the proper ceremony being observed.Sounds horrible? You haven’t yet heard even half of it.#humanzoos #history #weirdhistory #slavery #ptbarnum #historychannelVoiceover Artist: Chris RedishMusic: Motionarray.com Copyright © 2021 A Day In History. All rights reserved.DISCLAIMER: All materials in these videos are used for entertainment purposes and fall within the guidelines of fair use. No copyright infringement intended. If you are, or represent, the copyright owner of materials used in this video, and have an issue with the use of said material, please send an email to [email protected]Managed by PodcastPayouts.com

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Napoleon Bonaparte, born in then Italian Corsica in 1769, was the dominant personality of his time. He died in exile on the lonely British South Atlantic island of St. Helena in 1821. But though he was a shell of his former self living in isolation in the middle of nowhere, his life cast a long shadow, and his influence continued for decades after his death. His military philosophy and tactics are still taught throughout the world, for though the weapons of today are much different than those used by his armies, the tactics he used on the battlefield are timeless: speed, audacity, and surprise being foremost among them.Napoleon Bonaparte is one of the most fascinating men in history. If this introduction to the darker side of Napoleon interests you, please “like” and subscribe to our channel! Vive' l'France!Napoleon became Emperor of France in 1804, though he had been the country's de facto ruler since 1799. For anyone to become emperor after the French Revolution of 1789 and the years immediately after had been unthinkable. The Revolution took place to rid France of a king and a system of privilege and oppression. That revolution cost a lot of blood and treasure and caused years of struggle and chaos in France. When Napoleon was ready to take power, the French were tired of political violence and upheaval, high prices, food shortages, and corrupt government. Napoleon, like Caesar more than 1800 years before him, promised law, order, and economic stability.For the first years of his reign, Napoleon managed to do just that, bring a sense of stability. He also brought France military glory. He rose to fame in the 1790s through his prowess on the battlefield. He helped to bring the ideals of the French Revolution to many parts of Europe. Unfortunately for France and Napoleon, his "eyes were bigger than his stomach," and he "bit off more than he could chew," making enemies of Great Britain and Russia.#napoleon #frenchhistory #history #napoleonbonaparte #franceTimecode:00:00 Intro02:56 You don't become emperor without cracking some heads.05:54 Some "revolutionary"07:20 "The Infernal Machine"Copyright © 2021 A Day In History. All rights reserved.DISCLAIMER: All materials in these videos are used for entertainment purposes and fall within the guidelines of fair use. No copyright infringement intended. If you are, or represent, the copyright owner of materials used in this video, and have an issue with the use of said material, please send an email to [email protected] Managed by PodcastPayouts.com

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We hope you read more about Timur after you watch this video. There's so much more to learn. One of those things is easy: Timur is just one version of the name of the last great Mongol conqueror. His real name was "Tīmūr bin Taraghay Barlas," or "Timur, son of Taraghay of the Barlas Clan," but he is most often known in English as "Tamerlane," which is just a corruption of "Timurlenk," or "Timur the Lame." Timur actually was "lame" as people used to those with skeletal disabilities: he had a form of tuberculosis that infected the bones, which paralyzed his right leg and shoulder. In his younger years, he had been shot through the right hand with an arrow, losing two fingers, and limiting its use. Timur, in a word, was likely in constant pain throughout most of his life. Perhaps this affected his temper – because Timur's temper was bad. REALLY, REALLY BAD. But, unlike another supposedly disabled leader, the Viking “Ivar the Boneless”, Timur grew up to rule a gigantic empire, and killed millions, not hundreds or thousands. Ivar was an amateur compared to “Timur the Lame.”Timur's ancestors were from a powerful Mongolian clan who had emigrated from Mongolia to the area that geographers still know as "Transoxania"the "Land beyond the Oxus River." We know the area better as Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Turkmenistan. These were lands inhabited by Turkic peoples who the Mongols had subjugated under Genghis Khan and his sons in the 1200s. By the time of Timur (13361405), the Mongol Empire had fractured into several different kingdoms. The ruling Mongols assimilated to some degree with the native Turkic people and culture, creating a new culture called the "TurkoMongolian."#tamerlane #timur #history #genghiskhan #mongols Copyright © 2021 A Day In History. All rights reserved.DISCLAIMER: All materials in these videos are used for entertainment purposes and fall within the guidelines of fair use. No copyright infringement intended. If you are, or represent, the copyright owner of materials used in this video, and have an issue with the use of said material, please send an email to [email protected]Managed by PodcastPayouts.com

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