Paul is back for another interesting episode. This time he will talk about some of the fascinating origins of sporting equipment and how it has greatly changed over time. Some of what will be discussed include:- An essential piece of cricket equipment which remarkably was not often used until the late 1970’s- A common computerised device worn by people everyday and also used in some sports to help track performance- The protector, the bat and coloured clothing in cricket- Sport that originated during Ancient times eg, football, discus, javelin- Charles Goodyear and the significance of his invention of vulcanised rubber - The first basketball laces, athletic tracks, advancements in swimwear technology- Carbon fibre tennis rackets and the Nike Air Jordan basketball shoes- Kicking tees in Rugby League/Union- The derailleur gear for cyclists, rubber-faced table tennis bats, the Haskell golf ball, lawnmower, dartboard and tennis shortsThere is also the Quiz and segments Sporting Spotlight and Then and Now.The Mighty Oaks/Official Trailer 2025, Directed by Brendan Harty, 31/10/25 https://youtu.be/5AUHeYm387g?si=6uF9ymnkPdzaqD05Origins of Sports Equipment Sources1. Caribbean Cricket: The vintage collection, ‘Sir Andy Roberts’, 13/1/252. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_equipment3. flexfitness equipment.com ‘the importance of sports equipment in human history’, 26/1/244. medium.com ‘the evolution of sports equipment through the decades’, sports nostalgia, 18/11/245. physical culture study.com ‘guest post: the history of sporting equipment necessary gear then and now’, conor heffernan, 20236. the cricket digest ‘helmet in cricket/a brief history’ 6/2/20197. meulemans.com ‘cricket helmets: history and components’, justin meuleman, 10/2/218. cricket lab.co ‘cricket helmet:safety first to prevent head injuries’, n.d9. redbull.com ‘cricket, history of helmets & crickets’, by bhakti talati, 17/10/201610. cricket store online.com ‘evolution of cricket helmets and its safety:how shrey helmet does it’, 20/10/2011. sportsmatik.com ‘cricket helmets’ 26/11/2112. the analyst ‘the origin of helmets’, 13/1/2513. cricket machine ‘a modified bike helmet changed cricket forever’, 22/8/2514. MFC 1858 ’c’mon aussie c’mon ‘the story of world series cricket-20th anniversary special, 1998’, 23/12/2415. langpark beercan ‘david lloyds’ appendage v jeff thompson’, abc cricket in the 70’s, 5/9/201016. the conversation.com ‘why some amateur athletes are giving up on smartwatches’, matthieu quidu, brice favier-ambrosini, 2/1/2417. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartwatch18. how stuff works.com ‘how smart watches work’, by robert valdes & nathan chandler, n.d19. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrum_cap20. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cricket_ball21. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pads22. the guardian.com ‘the 10:sports gear inventions’, tim harris, 10/1/201023. oldest.org ‘8 oldest sports in the world’, by somapika dutta, 17/3/2524. content.time.com ‘top 10 things you didn’t know about the moon’, lunar lore, 2019 time usa, llc25. food&supply source.com ‘9 fun facts about sporting equipment’, 14/7/201726. cricket.fandom.com ‘world series cricket’, n.d27. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_helmet28. britannica.com ‘why are basketball hoops 10 feet high?’, 2/10/2529. nhl.com ‘sticking to the story’, by andy eide, 16/12/2019, seattle kraken, 30. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starting_blocks31. epo.org ‘fiona fairhurst,: fastskin bathing suit’, european inventor of the year awards, 200932. crickett karmaa ‘brett lee smashes alex tudor skull’, 27/6/201233. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patsy_Hendren34. BBC archive ‘1978: fred truman hates cricket helmets/tonight/classic sport’, 9/2/23’Intro music- Puncher by Abbynoise Outro music- Can’t Give it Up by All Good Folks from Upbeat.

Paul is back for another action-packed, informative episode. This time on some of the mysteries in sports history ranging from unexplained events and controversies to unexplained phenomena. Some of what will be discussed include:- An item that seemed to produce miracles on the sporting field, particularly in football and appears to now be replaced by a spray- A much-feared former Heavyweight boxing champion whose death remains a mystery- Phar Lap, Tulloch- The performances of Chinese swimmers and runners- John Brisker, Manti Teo, Bison Dele- The food poisoning of the All Blacks on the eve of 1995 Rugby World Cup Final- Florence Griffith-Joyner record times- Phantom goals and ghost runners in marathons- Favouritism by officials- ICC and India in cricket, NRL and the Brisbane Broncos- Bermuda Triangle and the Cronulla Sharks- Muttiah Muralitharan’s bowling action- Muhammed Ali’s anchor punch- The yips- Mohd Faiz Subri’s free kickMiss Olivia drops by to conduct the Quiz and Sporting Spotlight and we also have the segment Then and Now.Mysteries in Sport Sources1. shammi13 ‘muhammad ali-sonny liston poem-great speeches’, 3/4/20072. great australian sporting moments by michael roberts with micheale tormey, the miegunyah press, 20083. bleacher report.com ‘sports mysteries that will never be solved’, nick dimengo, 31/1/20154. reddit.com ‘any interesting sports related mysteries?’, r/unsolved mysteries, 20185. watch mojo.com ‘10 shocking unsolved mysteries in sports’, mojo, 20256. sportsnet.ca ‘can you handle the truth?13 greatest mysteries in the history of sport. where is john brisker?’, sportsnet staff, 22/11/20127. for the win.usa today.com ‘answering the 12 biggest mysteries in sports’, chris chase, usa today sports, 17/12/20158. zerotackle.com ‘the five greatest bermuda triangle moments at shark park’, mark goodyear, 9/9/229. paul gough physio.com ‘paul gough physiorooms’, n.d10. discountfootballkits.com ‘a guide to the magic sponge’, by simon arundel, 9/8/201311. first aid training cooperative.co.uk ‘can we use the magic sponge in first aid?’ by cory jones, 202512. nbc news ‘what’s in the magic spray world cup players use, and does it really work?’, by angela yang, 2/12/2213. fixxnutrition.com ‘what are magic sprays and why are they used in sport?’, 202514. amp.dw.com ‘magic freeze sprays’, miriam widman, 16/6/201515. amp.kansascity.com ‘just what is in that magic spray trainers use at the world cup?’, by by pete grathoff, 13/7/2018, the kansas city star16. bbc.com ‘sonny liston:the mysterious death that haunts boxing’, gareth evans, bbc sport, 16/7/201917. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Brisker18. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florence_Griffith_Joyner19. news.com.au ‘hoffenheim have called for a replay after losing 2-1 to Bayer Leverkusen thanks to a phantom goal’, ryland james, 20/10/201320. mornings with Mark Levy-full show 15th September, omnystudio.com/listener21. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_Zhanle22. the cricket monthly from cric info ‘the narrowest victory ever: when walsh and co broke aussie hearts in adelaide’, by alex malcolm, 7/12/2223. abc news ‘manti te’o’s girlfriend: notre dame football star and the alleged hoax’, 17/1/201325. @sunderlandAFC ‘the strangest premier league goal ever’, 17/10/2426. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sonny-Liston27. @fighting centre ‘muhammed ali on the anchor punch’, 16/1/2330. espn.com ‘2002 lakers-kings game 6 at heart of donaghy allegations’, chris sheridan, 10/6/200832. infocast ‘younis khan-ball hit the balls-physio brings spray’, 15/5/201633. the roar.com ‘captain-coaches, the magic sponge and all in brawls: the good, bad and ugly of league in the good old days’, roar league, by tony Expert, 14/10/2435. euro hockey clubs.com ‘whole-body cryotherapy in health management of hockey players’, cryomed, 17/11/21, Intro music- Puncher by Abbynoise Outro- Can’t Give it Up by All Good Folks from Uppbeat

Paul is back for another bumper episode, this time discussing what is meant by a ring-in with sport, i.e., those that have fraudulently substituted for something else in sport. Some of what will be discussed include:- The Fine Cotton Horse racing scandal in 1984- A German high jumper from the 1930’s who competed as a female however was found have had secondary sexual characteristics and was more male than female.- A basketball team at the 2000 Paralympics who were stripped of their gold medal after it was found that most of the players were able-bodied.- Types of Ring-ins- Consequences of ring-ins and being unregistered and how ring-ins in sport can be prevented.- Illegal replacements e.g., Scott Wilson in 1988- Dennis Lillee and his illegal aluminum cricket bat- John Hopoate, Junior Paulo, Regal Vista, Gary PrattThere is also the Quiz and segments Sporting Spotlight and Then and Now.Sources1. sydney morning herald.com ‘ring-in worked until the rumours started’, max presnell, 28/11/20102. greensdictofslang.com ‘ring-in’, jonathan green, 20253. reddit.com ‘parramatta eels star junior paulo uses face name to play park rugby union, breaches nrl contract’. r/nrl, geddpeart, 20255. penguin.com ‘the ring-in’, 13/8/20196. lets go horseracing.com ‘another queensland ring-in 40 years before fine-cotton’. 25/8/20097. barstoolsports.com ‘that mind-blowing numbers of athletes fake disabilities to win paralympics medals is the least mind-blowing reveal of all time’, jerry thornton, 4/4/238. news.com ‘report claims olympic champ is a biological man, country quits boxing body’, vera demertziz-the sun, 6/11/2410. abc.net.au ‘SANFL hands six-week ban to unregistered female footballer who played in men’s league’, by eugene boisvert and isadora bogle, 6/6/201911. amp.9news.com ‘female footy player in men’s league just wanted to play’, by 9news staff, 201912. abc.net.au ‘sharks bitten by unregistered player fine’, abc news,23/4/200313. newcastle herald.com ‘NHRU crack down on ineligible players’, by josh callinan, 29/4/201614. olympics.com ‘dora ratjen, biography’, n.d.15. the legacy project chicago.org ‘heinrich ratjen-nominee’. the legacy project, 202416. cbc.ca ‘is a male nazi high jumper who competed as a woman really behind sex testing at the olympics?’, rose eveleth, cbc news, 15/7/2417. qnews.com ‘heinrich ratjen aka dora ratjen’. bu destiny rogers, 29/3/2218. rare historical photos.com ‘dora ratjen, a german athlete, who was arrested at a train station on suspicion of being a man in a dress, 1938’ 22/11/202119. time.com ‘the nazi-era myth behind olympics gender-testing rules’, by michael waters, 29/7/2420.echo-news.co.uk ‘the high-jump transgender scandal that started in essex’, by emma palmer4/7/202122. abc.net.au ‘sydney paralympians relive spanish basketball cheating scandal’, by matt bamford, 27/10/202023. bbc.com ‘the sports where women outperform men’, christine ro, 1/8/2424. australian war memorial.gov.au ‘gunner robert edward beilby’, awr, 202525. cricket cloud ‘shocking aluminium bat used in australia vs england test by dennis lillee/1st test perth 1979’, 3/8/201926. newcastle herald.com ‘second division rugby club kicked out of finals for player breach’, by james gardiner, 14/8/2427. a current affair ‘inside the horse switching scandal that rocked australian racing/a current affair’, 5/11/201928. one football.com ‘real madrid could be deducted points for illegal substitution vs getafe’, give me sport, 17/5/2329. bbc. sport.com ‘blood brothers-bonds and betrayal on a rugby pitch’, mike henson, 24/3/2530. Lords Cricket Ground ‘ricky ponting on being run out by gary pratt’-2005 ashes rewind’,5/8/201531. https://www.olympics.com/en/athletes/caster-semenya32. Olympics.com ‘IOC releases framework on fairness, inclusion and non-discrimination on the basis of gender identity and sex variations’, 17/11/2021Intro music Puncher by Abbynoise Outro-Can’t Give it Up by All Good Folks

Paul is back for another action-packed, informative episode, this time looking at some sportspeople and teams from over the years who have changed their names. It may have been due to factors such as religion, marketing and publicity, true identity, family reasons. Some of who will be discussed include:- A professional American golfer who changed his name due to being teased and compared to a former adult film star.- A well-known Rugby League team who have changed their name several times over the years and were once known as the Berries.- Tiger Woods, Pele, Sugar Ray Robinson, Muhammed Ali, Marvin “Marvellous” Hagler- Manchester United, Essendon Bombers, Newtown Jets, Western Bulldogs, Sydney Roosters, Melbourne Knights- Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Shammgod Wells- Denver Rockets, Washington Wizards- Muhammed Yousuf, Tillakaratne DilshanAlso there is Fact and the Quote for the day, Then and Now and Miss Olivia drops by to conduct the Quiz, Sporting Spotlight and givers her verdict on some of the name changes.Sportspeople Who Changed Their Names Sources1. mascotdb.com ‘100 most frequently used team names’, n.d2. by far the greatest team.com ‘premier league clubs who changed their names’, by blogger, 29/4/253. golf oklahoma.com ‘a kentucky golfer’s rise to PGA tour success’, chris swafford, 14/3/244. bleacher report.com ‘the best/worst name changes in sports history’, jon gilbert, 26/1/20115. complex.com ‘a history of athlete name changes’, jose martinez, 6/3/20136. for the win.usa today.com ‘the 19 greatest name changes in sports, ranked’, chris chase, usa today sports, 3/10/20137. planet sport.com ‘eight footballers who have changed their names-gazza, pele, jonathan woodgate’, cameron loftus, 14/5/228. the sportster.com ‘top 20 best name changes in sports history’, by TS staff, 3/10/20149. mirror.co.uk ‘sport stars who changed name mid-career just like lewis hamilton-including dele alli’, by kylie O’Sullivan, 16/3/2210. cbs news.com ‘ 5 most ridiculous name changes in sports’, by jake brown @jbsportsradio, 8/8/201411. mensxp.com ‘5 famous cricketers who changed their names for different reasons’, mensxp team, n.d12. msn.com ‘5 cricketers who changed their names-you won’t believe #3’, by crictracker, 202513. the wrap.com ‘washington commanders and 14 other sports teams that dumped racist names and mascots’, wrap staff and brian weik, 2/2/2214. museum of lost.com ‘afl teams that changed their name’, by museum of lost, 27/9/2415. the guardian.com ‘the joy of six: australian football club name changes’, joe gorman, 26/8/201416. bulldogs.com ‘berries to bulldogs:our evolution’, national rugby league, 202517. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newtown_Jets18. zero tackle.com ‘how the eels almost had a name change’, scott pryde, 15/9/2119. https://www.pgatour.com/player/27141/j.b-holmes20. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._B._Holmes21. kentucky.com ‘with family now the priority, kentucky golfer JB Holmes makes rare pga tour start’, by cameron drummond, 10/7/25 22. ‘what happened to jb holmes? a short golf documentary’, mitchell blades, 10/2/2323. @better everyday.com ‘muhammad ali on why he changed his name’, 29/4/2524. @fighting centre ‘muhammad ali-what’s my name!?’, 29/9/2225. a centenary of rugby league 1908-2008, ian heads and david middleton, pan mcmillan australia pty ltd, 200826. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne_Knights_FC27. aurora shore.com ‘the mighty bears’, north sydney heritage leaflet 15, north sydney heritage centre28. en.espn.co.uk ‘the best (and worst) name changes in sport’, alex perry, 16/8/201329. golf.com ‘5-time tour winner dq’d from big-money calcutta after registering with cryptic name’, by josh berhow, 31/5/2331. mumbai mirror.india times.com ‘what’s in a name?ask golfer Holmes!’, 18/9/200832. kkay2605 ‘mark Wahlberg-boogie nights-dirk diggler’, 16/11/2009Intro music- Puncher by Abbynoise. Outro- Can’t Give it up by All Good Folks from Uppbeat

Paul is back for another action-packed episode. This week he is joined by Miss Olivia to discuss some of the bizarre and funny names of sportspeople and sports teams from over the years. Some of what will be discussed include:- A former Canadian swimmer with a Christian name of Dick who would go on to be the face of ethics and administration in sport and be a strong advocate in fighting drugs in sport.- An American University whose sporting team is called the Banana Slugs and their shirt features in a well-known gangsta film- Dick Butkus, Dick Pole, Dick Felt- God Shammgod and World B.Free- Fui Fui Moi Moi, Jeff Maggett, Kapilla Wijengunawardene- Funny horse names eg, AAAARRRRHHHHHH.- The funny names of the 12th man cricketers- Neville Neville, Chubby Cox, Picabo Street, Dong Dong, Yu Fu, Gaylord Silly, Kim Yu Suk, Tokyo Sexwhale- Webster University Gorlocks, Campbell Fighting Camels- The sports team with the longest nameWe also have our Quiz and other segments Sporting Spotlight and Then and NowFunny Names in Sport Sources1. Bleacher report.com ‘50 craziest names in sports history’, bill robbins, 16/6/20112. complex.com ‘the most outrageous athlete names ranked: ho you fat, noah knigga, & more’, complex staff, 11/1/243. ranker.com ‘the 90+ funniest athlete names ranked’. David de ;a rova. 2/10/254. The sportster.com ‘top15 most ridiculous names in sports’, by adriano valente, 19/8/20155. Pledge sports.org ‘the 13 funniest names in sport’, n.d.6. crictracker.com ‘10 cricketers with quirky names’ by Ajay koushik R, 1/7/257. Stadium talk.com ‘the wackiest team names in sports’, by dustin turner, 3/12/248. The guardian.com ‘what is the longest sports team name, and what is the silliest?my vote goes to borussia moenchengladback’, the sporting life, james, london, uk.n.d9. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neville_Neville10. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dong_Dong11. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo_Sexwale12. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Pound13. fandom.com ‘pulp fiction’ pulp fiction wiki wiki. N.d14. Leanneby the sea.substack.com ‘the story of sammy the banana slug’, leanne phillips, 16/8/2315. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Pole16. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacko_Fall17. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Butkus18. The players’ tribune ‘the word of god’, god shammgod, 14/12/202019. Good times.ca ‘dick pound: game-changer’, jessica dostie, 11/6/2520. wired.com ‘the righteous fury of dick pound’, mark mcclusky, 1/1/200721. olympics.com ‘richard w. Pound’, 202522. The roar.com.au ‘what does dick pound mean?’, by david lord, 14/1/201623. Broke-ass stuart.com ‘,men named richard who really shouldn’t go by dick’, peter-astrid kane, 25/5/202024. Ian gorton ‘the fui fui moi moi song’, the robinson brothers on ray hadley morning show, 15/7/200825. Modern warfare cheats ‘arrrrr.horse. Mp4’, 7/3/201126. The 12th man topic ‘name pronounciation lesson’, 9/12/201927. Legendary movie scenes ‘mr wolf is a lady’s man-pulp fiction, 1994-movie clip hd scene’, 25/1/2128. olympics.com ‘montreal 1976:canada’s first olympic city becomes an international sports hub’, 18/4/2429. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_RoggeIntro music- Puncher by Abbynoise, Outro music- Can’t Give it Up by All Good Folks

Paul is back for another action-packed, informative episode. This time he will be talking about the subjective topic of harsh punishments some athletes and sporting teams have received over the years. Some of what will be discussed include:- A former NBA basketball player who despite his tremendous talent, was seen as the main instigator in what is described as the ugliest basketball brawl in the NBA and would receive the longest suspension in the league’s history.- A former MLB baseball great who despite his tremendous achievements in sport had his career overshadowed by the use of performance-enhancing drugs and copped a 1-year suspension and $22 million in lost salary.- Merie Hapes- Tiger Woods- Muhammad Ali, Jim Thorpe, Reuben Carter- Pete Rose- Hansie Cronje, Muhammed Amir, Shane Warne, Steve Smith, David Warner, Cameron Bancroft- Ben Barba- Ivory Coast National football team- Salary cap scandals e.g., Melbourne Storm and Canterbury Bulldogs- Essendon and Cronulla supplement saga- Peter Bol, Shayna JackThere is also the segments Sporting Spotlight and Then and Now, the Quiz and the Fact and Quote for the day.Harsh Punishments in Sport Sources1. foxsports.com ‘the night tiger woods was exposed as a serial cheater’, maureen callaghan from newscomau, 25/11/20132. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Barba3. news.com ‘big calls made on return of nrl stars ezra mam and kieran foran’, james dampney, 13/5/254. espncricinfo.com ‘warne suspended for 12 months’, AAP, 22/2/20035. abc.net.au ‘parramatta eels salary cap sanctions ratified by nrl as 12 point penalty, $1m fine and board ban kick in’, 9/7/20166. gq.com ‘the 14 most shocking moments in australian sporting history’, will lennox, 20/7/237. abc.net.au ‘cronulla sharks drugs scandal:questions still to be answered of deals NRL-ASADA offered to players’, by david mark, 12/9/20148. stadium talk.com ‘harshest punishments in sports history’, by tony adame, 1/12/249. the dick cavett show ‘norman mailer thinks muhammad ali was unfairly treated/the dick cavett show’, 13/6/2020: 25/5/197010. 247wallst.com ‘most severe punishments in sports history’, grant suneson, 15/1/202011. espn.co.uk ‘ridiculous crime and outrageous punishments’, espn staff, 7/10/201112. review journal.com ‘8 of the most notorious punishments in sports’, reuters, 201513. zerohanger.com ‘eight of the longest afl suspensions’, staff writers, 18/4/2314. zerotackle.com ‘the longest suspensions in nrl history’, sean carroll, 28/3/2215. sport illustrated.com ‘one-on-one with former indiana pacers great metta sandiford-artest (ron artest) during NBA All-star weekend’, tony east, 20/2/2416. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metta_Sandiford-Artest17. aatif hassan ‘michael holding almost in tears over muhammed amir’, 10/11/201018. espn cricinfo.com ‘mohammed amir, pakistan/bowler’, espn cricinfo staff, 2025 espn sports media ltd.19. britannica.com ‘alex rodriguez, american baseball player’, editors of encyclopedia britannica, 5/8/2520. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Bol_(runner)21. the guardian.com ‘scandal hits warne and waugh’, david hopps and greg baum, 10/12/199822. the guardian.com ‘metta sandiford-artest is many things but he was never crazy’, etan thomas, 31/8/2123. espn throwback ‘the worst fight in nba history?!malice at the palace, iconic moments’,20/11/2324. BBallBreakdown ‘metta world peace assaults james harden’, 23/4/201225. howfuckedupaight ‘metta world peace-represented music video (feat career highlights) + lyrics’, 16/12/201226. hopkins medicine.org ‘mental health disorder statistics’, the john hopkins university, 202527. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggie_MillerIntro music- Puncher by Abbynoise. Outro- Can’t Give it Up by All Good Folks from Upbeat

Paul is back for another informative episode. This time the focus is on Racism that has taken place in sport over the years. Some of what will be discussed include:- A former Indigenous Australian Rules Footballer who by after receiving constant racism during a match, proudly pointed to his skin to show how proud he is of his race. It would become an iconic photo.- A former Aussie female indigenous track and field runner who carried both the Australian and Aboriginal flags in her victory laps and stopped a nation with a memorable win at the Sydney 2000 Olympics.- Jack Johnson, Muhammad Ali- Jackie Robinson- Adam Goodes, Eddie Betts- Colin Kaepernick and the kneel- Jesse Owens, the Black Power Salute- Michael Holding- Pat Cash and his work with remote indigenous communities- Racism scandal in English cricketMiss Olivia will conduct the segments the Quiz and Sporting Spotlight and Paul will then talk in depth about an athlete in the segment Then and Now.Racism in Sport Sources1. Great Australian Sporting Moments by Michael Roberts with Michael Tormey, The Miegunyah Press, Melbourne, 20082. abc.net ‘the persistence of racism within community sport in australia has consequences that extend far beyond the field’, ruth jeanes, ramon spaaij, franka vaughan, karen farquharson and muhammad iqbal, 28/2/253. sportintegrity.gov.au ‘racism in sport’, 27/3/24, sport integrity australia4. ausport.gov ‘anti-racism’, australian sport commission, ais, n.d5. reconciliationsa.org.au ‘racism in australian sports in 2024…taking a stand’, by team writer, 28/6/246. facing history.org ‘black athletes and civil rights: 6 upstanders to introduce to your students’, by facing history & ourselves, 17/2/227. black enterprise.com ‘remembering black athletes who took a stand and a knee against racism’, by ahsan washington, 21/2/258. buzzfeednews.com ‘23 times athletes stood up for what they believed in’, gabriel h. sanchez, 27/9/20179. national museum australia.gov.au ‘nicky winmar’s stand’, 17/4/2310. pickstar.pro ‘athlete activists making an impact’, n.d11. 9news.com ‘tennis legend pat cash calls for australia day date to be changed’, by christine ahern, 17/1/201912. the guardian.com ‘adam goodes: instead of masking racism, we need to deal with it day to day’, by donald mcrae, 3/3/202013. dax ‘black lives matter, official music video’, 9/6/202014. vichealth.vic.gov.au ‘more than half of aussies surveyed witness or experience racism in community sport’, Vic Health, 27/2/2515. https://www.olympics.com/en/athletes/cathy-freeman16. @manwith pushup steels ‘muhammad ali tell his black discrimination’, 7/5/2517. national museum of australia.gov.au ‘nicky winmar’s stand’, 17/4/2318. 7news.com ‘afl great nicky winmar faces court over shock charges of alleged abuse’, by estelle griepink,29/7/2519. monument australia.org ‘nicky winmar’, n.d20. https://wafootball.com.au/diversity/aboriginal/nicky-winmar-carnival21. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicky_Winmar22. the guardian.com ‘it was a horrible day looking back:nicky winmar on his 1993 black and proud moment’, by jonathan horn, 30/10/2323. the guardian.com ‘english cricket is racist, sexist and elitist, says landmark report’, sean ingle, 27/6/2324. St Kilda football club ‘winmar’s 92 screamer’, 12/4/202025. archie roach ‘colour of your jumper’, liberation music pty ltd, 21/11/201426. sydney morning herald.com ‘essendon champion joins dees’ coach search, winmar continues bid to co-lead racism class action’, mark mcgowan and jon pierik, 14/8/25, Intro music- Puncher by Abbynoise. Outro- Can’t Give it Up by All Good Folks from Upbeat

Paul is back for another action-packed episode, this time joined with daughter Olivia to discuss some sportspeople who have represented more than one nation. In this episode some of what will be discussed include:- A female triple jumper who represented three different nations at three different Olympics- A Czech/American tennis player who was the dominant male tennis player on the circuit during much of the 1980’s- Why sportspeople decide switch nations eg, better opportunities, family ties, changes in political landscapes- Merlene Ottey, Bernard Lagat, - Kepler Wessels, Luke Ronchi, Andy Caddick, Gary Balance, Ed Joyce, Dirk Nannes, Iftikhar Ali Khan Pautaudi- Hana Mandlikova, Martina Navratilova, Jelena Dokic- Tony Carrol, Brad Thorn, Craig Gower and the regular switching of nations in Rugby League and Union today- Ryan Giggs, Tim Cahill, Dajan StankovicWe also have our Quiz and segments Sporting Spotlight and Then and Now.Sportspeople Who Represented More Than One Nation Sources1. squawka.com ‘players who switched international teams and how they fared’, muhammad butt, 20242. cricket365.com ‘gary balance, kepler wessels and more-8 cricketers who played tests for 2 countries’, jonhenry wilson, 11/1/253. the guardian.com ‘world rugby amends rule and allows players to switch national teams’, gerard meagher, 25/11/214. ruck.co.uk ‘8 rugby players you won’t believe represented other countries’, rugby rucker, 8/10/205. zerotackle.com ‘the top five dual international stars in rugby league history’, xavier pegum, 11/10/216. mensxp.com ‘meet the athlete who represented three different countries at the olympic games’, by somak adhikan, 25/7/247. besoccer.com ‘the only footballer to play in three world cups…with three different countries!’, patrick power 20178. statscore.com ‘did you know that? fascinating facts from major sports events around the world!’, statscore, 20259. sydney morning herald.com.au ‘plastic brit? go take a running jump’, oliver brown, 4/8/201210. edition.cnn.com ‘reporters press eileen gu over her citizenship. see her response’, winter olympics 202211. worldathletics.org ‘aldama breaks through despite adversity’, simon turnbull, 17/3/200412. kids.kiddle.co ‘yamile aldama facts for kids’, kiddle encyclopedia, 30/7/2513. england athletics.org ‘triple jump athlete webinar with yamile aldama, ashia hansen and dr trecia smith’, 8/3/2114. https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/ivan-lendl15. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Lendl16. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ivan-Lendl17. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamil%C3%A9_Aldama18. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonie_Carroll19. rugby league project.com ‘brad thorn’, alan whittaker, n.d20. https://worldathletics.org/disciplines/jumps/triple-jump21. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_Brit22. News.com ‘australian defector digs boot into country as matthew richardson becomes fastest man ever on two wheels’, ben talintyre, 15/8/2523. WB Kids ‘animaniacs sing along, Yakko’s world/wb kids’, 25/11/20 Intro music- Puncher by Abbynoise, Outro- Can’t Give it up by All Good Folks from Upbeat.

Paul is back for another informative episode. This time he will be discussing some well-known sportspeople from over the years who went on to have a career in politics. Some of whom will be discussed include:- A former professional soccer player who despite growing up in great poverty and in a war-torn country, achieved extraordinary feats during his playing career and would later become the President of his country.- A former American high jumper who changed his sport with his jumping technique and would later become a Democratic candidate for an American state.- A famous former Rugby League player who had the shortest political career ever, ie, under a minute.- Pat Farmer, Caitlyn Jenner, Ron Clarke- Victor Klitschko, Manny Pacquaio- David Pocock, Paul Osbourne, Glenn Lazurus, Tim Mander- Imran Khan- Arnold Schwarzenegger,- Dawn Fraser, Zali Steggall, Nova Perris, Michael Cleary- John Alexander, Rick CharlesworthMiss Olivia joins in the show and does the Quiz and Sporting Spotlight and we have our segment Then and Now.Famous Sportspeople Who Became Politicians Sources1. britannica.com ‘george weah, president of liberia’, by editors of encyclopedia britannica, n.d.2. forbes.com ‘NFL games made up 93 % of the most watched tv programs in 2023’, by brad adgate, 5/1/243. quote fancy.com filbert bayi quotes.n.d4. wikipedia.org ‘list of american sportspeople-politicians’5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Ryan_(rugby)6. yardbarker.com ‘athletes who went into the world of politics’, by dave holcomb, 15/9/217. nicholas gruen ‘menninga facebook clip’, 3/3/228. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glenn_Lazarus9. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Alexander_(Australian_politician)10. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Cleary_(rugby)11. https://www.davidpocock.com.au/about12. brittanica.com ‘dick fosbury, american athlete’ editors of encyclopedia brittanica, revises and updated by Barbara A. Schreiber13. rugby league project.org ‘paul osbourne’, Alan Whiticker, n.d14. https://www.patfarmer.com/about15. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitali_Klitschko16. https://www.unicef.org/goodwill-ambassadors/george-weah17. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Weah18. https://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/liberia19. safetravel.govt.nz ‘liberia’, 24/7/2520. aljazeera.com ‘end of an era: how corruption in LIberia cost george weah the presidency’, by james harding giahyue, 23/11/2321. the sweet land of liberty ‘george weah crowned as father of the year 2025’, 16/6/2522. MrCodadipaglia ‘weah!!weah!!!weah!!!!!weahhhhh!!!!!!!!!!’, 18/3/201023. simply red ‘official video: money’s too tight to mention’, 5/5/200924. transfermarkt.com/timothy-weah/profil/spieler/37084625. world bank.org ‘the world bank in liberia’, world bank group, 1/4/2526. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberia_national_football_team27. @Different..alAnthems, ‘Anthem of Liberia-All Hail, Liberia, Hail!’ 7/6/2024Intro Music- Puncher by Abbynoise, Outro- Can’t Give it Up by All Good Folks from Upbeat.

Paul is back this time with daughter Olivia to discuss some of the strongest athletes of all time and explore the world of the Strongest Man/Women competitions and their mind-blowing feats. Some of what will be discussed in this episode include:- A Lithuanian giant who is a legend in his sport and has set over 20 world records over an illustrious career of 25 years.- A well-known American fantasy drama series that features an Icelandic strongman- The 17 events that made up this year’s World Strongman championship- Strong men from ancient times e.g., Milo of Croton, Hercules- Criteria that determines the world’s strongest eg, Physical attributes, endurance and willpower- Sports known for their strength e.g., throwing events, NFL, powerlifting- Doctor Terry Todd, the guru of strength and Louis Uni, the first very strong athlete- Well-known weightlifters e.g., Dean Lukin, Naim Suleymanoglu.We have our Quiz and segments Sporting Spotlight and Then and Now as well as an interesting fact.Strongest Sportspeople Sources1. Kelly Clarkson ‘Stronger; what doesn’t kill you (official video), 14/11/20112. muscle and fitness.com ‘the 11 strongest humans to ever walk the earth’, by M&F Editor, n.d3. torokhtiy.com ‘who is the strongest man in history? top 10 athletes ranked’, sergiy osipchyk, 16/7/244. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World%27s_Strongest_Woman5. mens journal.com zydrunas savickas transforms his body’, michael rodio, 30/5/20206. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_of_Thrones7. jefit.com ‘15 facts about muscle and strength you may not have known’, by michael wood, n.d8. university of north texas, college of liberal arts & social sciences, center for sport psychology and athlete mental health, ‘sport quotes’, 20259. future fit training.co.uk ‘100 powerful gym quotes to keep you motivated during workouts, 2024’, by futurefit, 202510. rogue fitness.com ‘zydrunas savickas’, n.d11. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDydr%C5%ABnas_Savickas12. https://blog.lympo.io/Zydrunas-Savickas, 2/3/23 lympo athletes13. irishstrongman.com ‘zydrunas savickas, LIT, strongman and powerlifter, by irish strength association, 8/2/201514. x.com josh bryant@josh strength, 2/2/2515. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Todd16. https://x.com/joshstrength/status/188575914936936904517. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonid_Taranenko18. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Anderson_(weightlifter) 19 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebecca_Roberts_(strongwoman) 20. https://www.theworldsstrongestman.com/ 21. https://lympo.io/sunset22. ling-app.com ‘10+unique characteristics of lithuanian people to know’, by jefbeck eje, 4/4/23 23. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuania 24. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_Events25.. JR Videos ‘National anthem of Lithuania (English translation)’, 6/2/2017Intro music- Puncher by Abbynoise. Outro music- Can’t Give it Up by All Good Folks.