Aberdeen Closed-End Funds

will fluctuate so that an investor’s shares may be worth more or less than the original cost. Shares of closed-end funds may trade above (a premium) or below (a discount) the net asset value (NAV) of the fund’s portfolio. There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. Past performance does not guarantee future results.International investing entails special risk considerations, including currency fluctuations, lower liquidity, economic and political risks, and differences in accounting methods; these risks are generally heightened for emerging market investments.Concentrating investments in the specific regions subjects the Fund to more volatility and greater risk of loss than geographically diverse funds.Fixed income securities are subject to certain risks including, but not limited to: interest rate (changes in interest rates may cause a decline in the market value of an investment), credit (changes in the financial condition of the issuer, borrower, counterparty, or underlying collateral), prepayment (debt issuers may repay or refinance their loans or obligations earlier than anticipated), and extension (principal repayments may not occur as quickly as anticipated, causing the expected maturity of a security to increase).The Fund’s use of leverage exposes the Fund to additional risks, including the risk that the costs of leverage could exceed the income earned by the Fund on the proceeds of such leverage. Additionally, in the event of a general market decline in the value of the Fund’s assets, the effect of that decline will be magnified in the Fund because of the additional assets purchased with the proceeds of the leverage.Your portfolio may not have the same asset class weightings. Asset class weightings are subject to change.Diversification does not ensure a profit or protect against a loss in a declining market.Some of the information in this document may contain projections or other forward looking statements regarding future events or future financial performance of countries, markets or companies. These statements are only predictions and actual events or results may differ materially. The reader must make his/her own assessment of the relevance, accuracy and adequacy of the information contained in this document, and make such independent investigations, as he/she may consider necessary or appropriate for the purpose of such assessment.Any opinion or estimate contained in this recording is made on a general basis and is not to be relied on by the reader as advice. Neither ABRDNnor any of its agents have given any consideration to nor have they made any investigation of the investment objectives, financial situation or particular need of the reader, any specific person or for any loss arising whether directly or indirectly as a result of the reader, any person or group of persons acting on any information, opinion or estimate contained in this document.