After Alexander

As I've mentioned in previous episodes, the moment when Seleucus re-entered Babylon marked the start of the Seleucid era- otherwise known as the 'Anno Graecorum' or 'Year of the Greeks'. But when exactly did this start getting used? Why were there two different ways of measuring it? And how long did its use last for?

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Even among the successors, Seleucus has a reputation as a prolific city-builder; in all, he founded approximately 31 cities, including sites such as modern day Antioch and Laodicea, both situated in the Levant. While some of these places started out as attempts to swell the ranks of his armies, they would end up becoming heartlands of his empire...

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As promised, this episode is going to be a recap of our narrative so far, stretching from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 until the death of Seleucus in 281. Along the way, I give you my two cents on the man, as well as the new, shiny, 21st-century epithet. It's time to review the life of the man known to contemporaries as Seleucus Nicator- Seleucus the Victor. Then, as promised, we'll be into special episode territory for a while to allow you all some time to breathe before we jump back in with Antiochus I on May 8th.

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Quick aside- I've recently found out that the conference of Triparadeisus is placed at either 321 or 320 BCE depending on the source. Grainger, Kosmin and Lendering seem to agree on 320, while Bevan and the Wikipedia article on the matter say 321. I've left it in because the date is disputed, but just know that there is another option.

With the assassination of Agathocles in 282 came the perfect opportunity for Seleucus to strike Lysimachus' territories in Thrace and Macedon. The number of Hellenistic kingdoms is now rapidly dwindling- aside from the behemoth of the Seleucid realms, there's only Lysimachus' domains, Epirus and Egypt left. With Ptolemy now dead and a potential rival heir in Seleucid hands, the stage is set for a showdown between Lysimachus and Seleucus to see who will be the last successor standing...

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With Demetrius dead, the Antigonid threat is out of the picture again for a bit- although rest assured, it's not the last time we've heard of names such as Antigonus II, so don't forget about them completely. Instead, the struggle begins for the throne of Macedon, with the principal contenders at the time Demetrius is taken off the chessboard being Lysimachus and Pyrrhus of Epirus. However, it wouldn't take much for Ptolemaic and Seleucid interests to be peaked as well. On the podcast today, the match is going to be struck and chaos will break out in the old heartland of Macedon...

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EDIT: I've discovered that the Antigonid story naturally moves back into our main narrative at the beginning of the next reign, so I'm going to discuss what's been happening to Antigonus II in a separate at that point instead of during our interlude episodes.

Welcome to what I hope will be the first episode of a mini-series that will pop up every so often in your feed. In the 'Echoes of Alexander' mini-series, we're going to explore some of the impacts that the life of Alexander the Great had, to do a bit more justice to the man who's death was really the start of our story. This week, we turn our attention to the Greek language before Alexander arrived, and the seismic shift that his life and reign caused...

Sources for this episode:

• Hellenic Republic Ministry of Foreign Affairs (online) [Accessed 07/03/2021].
• Author unknown, Wikipedia (date unknown), Alexander the Great (online) [Accessed 07/03/2021].
• Author unknown, Wikipedia (date unknown), Greek language (online) [Accessed 07/03/2021].
• Author unknown, Wikipedia (date unknown), Hellen (online) [Accessed 07/03/2021].
• Author unknown, Wikipedia (date unknown), Koine Greek (online) [Accessed 07/03/2021].
• For the fact that the Greeks saw themselves as divided into four main groups, see the Wikipedia page for any of the four groups described (online) [Accessed c.07/03/2021].

As with the stereotypical image of Wild West pioneers in the late 19th century, Seleucus' political ambitions are going to head west. With himself and Demetrius on the one hand and an alliance of Ptolemy, Lysimachus and Cassander on the other, a falling out was pretty much inevitable. This week, we're going to see the final act of Demetrius' story, which will include the beginnings of a succession crisis in Macedon...

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