Against Heresies by Saint Irenaeus is a critique of the emerging heretical doctrines of the second century. Written around 180 A.D by the prominent Bishop of Lyons, the monumental work showcases Irenaeus’ comprehensive understanding of Sacred Scripture and Apostolic Tradition, as he passionately refutes the teachings of the Marcions and gnostics.

Composed of five books total, Book1 of Against Heresies primarily focuses on the dangers posed by various gnostic sects and their teachings. Irenaeus lays out the beliefs and practices of these groups, highlighting their departure from Orthodox Christianity. He explains the central tenets of the gnostic worldview, including duality between matter and spirit, the role of secret knowledge, and the denial of the physical resurrection. He argues that these ideas distort the true nature of God, the identity of Jesus Christ, and the purpose of his redemptive works.

Through his examination of different gnostic teaching, Ireneaus seeks to warn and educate Christians on the deceptive nature of heresy and to assert the importance of holding fast to the apostolic tradition.

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