anil

The world is a really crowded place these days; we are trying to balance the food, fuel and fibre needs of a growing human population with the need to spare land for natural wildlife that are facing an extinction crisis. In this talk, Prof Anil Madhavapeddy discusses ongoing work on building comprehensive maps of the world that measure important aspects of nature by leverage satellite sensing and computation pipelines. These models can measure things like tropical forest carbon, but also be composed to build the first globally comparable measure of biodiversity (through a species persistence approach), and also help measure the country-level impacts of human food choices to natural biodiversity. Prof Anil Madhavapeddy also explores how this global monitoring approach can create opportunities to equalise the data landscape to the global south, and how it can avoid just reinforcing existing data inequality.

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Interview, prompted by the content in https://anil.recoil.org/notes/rs-ecorisk-day1/, no other sources.

Summary generated for Bill Sutherland via NotebookLM, using the following sources:

Alpha, Beta and Gamma Diversity. Ecological diversity can be considered as alpha diversity (the species in an site), beta diversity (how species varies as move between sites) and gamma diversity (the total species in a geographical region resulting from the alpha and beta diversity). Conservation planning often consists of determining how to protect beta diversity.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtbifsDOgMw

Insect migration. We used to think of most insects as resident but it has now become clear that some, such as hoverflies, migrate at scale. Perhaps we then need to think about how we protect such species across the migration route.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ib9ptyBk8GE&t=3s

Bird predation and vegetation structure. Grazing not only changes the community present but also may determine the structure. Grazed shrubs may be more dense and so better protection for nesting birds. This idea could benefit from being tested

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=asqPYFBacsg

What do species really require? We thought we knew the requirements of purple emperor butterflies, turtle doves and peregrine falcons. But creating the habitat at Knepp has shown they thrive under very different conditions. The important lesson is that the final range of a species may not be the habitat they most prefer.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xHW2b4_9aQY

Carcases. A few minutes after an animal dies. digestive enzymes break down tissues - a process called autolysis, which results in putrid-smelling chemicals, such as putrescine and cadaverine. Bacteria multiply producing gases, such as ammonia and methane, resulting in a bloated corpse: this is putrefaction. Necrophagous species feed directly on the flesh and juices of the decomposing corpse. They can identify corpses soon after death from the putrid smell. Flies lay large numbers of eggs, the resulting larvae - the maggots - feed on the decaying flesh. Beetles can feed on the decaying flesh but many are also predators on the flies. Large scavengers such as vultures not just remove chunks of flesh but open up the carcass making it accessible to others. The carbon and nutrients are then recycled into the system.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Zp4eajdRP8&t=1s

Ecology of dung. Flies and dung beetles are excellent at detecting fresh dung. They are an important source of invertebrates and recycle the dung into the soil.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsHD-XRJtS8&t=120s

This is an experimental AI-generated summary from NotebookLM of Bill's last 10 videos from Conservation Concepts, and his book as a prompt.

The State of the OCaml Platform: September 2015 — by Anil Madhavapeddy, Amir Chaudhry, Thomas Gazagnaire, Jeremy Yallop, David Sheets

Mirrored from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oyeKLAYPmQQ

We keep being told ReasonML can compile to native and do interop with OCaml, and that there's a wealth of existing code and tools we can draw into our applications - but how do we get there?

Anil will walk us through the state of native development and introduce us to systems like opam, Duneiverse and other tools which will unlock the mysteries of native wonderlands!

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Mirrored from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eI3TyVbVozc

Discussion with Jon Pierre from Mantle Labs on:

Mirrored from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pHttZwa7Vtg

The role of Artificial Intelligence in evidence-based decision making in conservation, by Anil Madhavapeddy, Professor of Planetary Computing, Cambridge University

Talk delivered as part of the ‘Delivering the effectiveness revolution in conservation: lessons from organisations, policy makers and funders’ workshop on Tuesday 25th June 2024 Delivered by Conservation Evidence, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, TRAFFIC and Cambridge Conservation Initiative.

This is a mirror of https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIvDTM-iF1Y from LambdaDays 2024.

Abstract

As simultaneous crises in emissions and biodiversity sweep the planet, computer systems that analyse the complex interplay of our globe’s health are ever more crucial to guiding policy decisions about how to get out of the mess we’re in. In this talk, I examine how functional programming can contribute to building systems that are more resilient, predictable and reproducible in the face of huge amounts of input data (such as from satellites and ground sensing) that demands precise access control (or else poachers and malicious actors go straight to the source) and requires interactive exploration from non-CS-experts at different levels of the software stack (to do climate science). I will also highlight how our ongoing cross-disciplinary research is having a real impact on conservation projects that are sorely underserved by current systems/PL infrastructure, and also how we went about forging these links.

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Jitsu: Just-In-Time Summoning of Unikernels (USENIX NSDI 2015)

Anil Madhavapeddy, Thomas Leonard, Magnus Skjegstad, Thomas Gazagnaire, and David Sheets, University of Cambridge; Dave Scott, Citrix Systems UK Ltd.; Richard Mortier, Amir Chaudhry, and Balraj Singh, University of Cambridge; Jon Ludlam, Citrix Systems UK Ltd.; Jon Crowcroft and Ian Leslie, University of Cambridge

Network latency is a problem for all cloud services. It can be mitigated by moving computation out of remote datacenters by rapidly instantiating local services near the user. This requires an embedded cloud platform on which to deploy multiple applications securely and quickly. We present Jitsu, a new Xen toolstack that satisfies the demands of secure multi-tenant isolation on resource-constrained embedded ARM devices. It does this by using unikernels: lightweight, compact, single address space, memory-safe virtual machines (VMs) written in a high-level language. Using fast shared memory channels, Jitsu provides a directory service that launches unikernels in response to network traffic and masks boot latency. Our evaluation shows Jitsu to be a power-efficient and responsive platform for hosting cloud services in the edge network while preserving the strong isolation guarantees of a type-1 hypervisor.

From: https://www.usenix.org/conference/nsdi15/technical-sessions/presentation/madhavapeddy